Deep Back POINA's

Question 1

What muscles are found in the superficial layer of the deep back?

Answer 1

splenius capitis & splenius cervicis

Question 2

Splenius Capitis - Proximal Attachment

Answer 2

spinous processes of C7-T6
ligamentum nuchae

Question 3

Splenius Capitis - Distal Attachment

Answer 3

mastoid process
superior nuchal line
(fibers run superolaterally)

Question 4

Splenius Capitis - Nerve Innervation

Answer 4

posterior (or dorsal) rami of spinal nerves

Question 5

Splenius Capitis - Muscle Action

Answer 5

Bilaterally:
head & neck extension

Unilaterally:
neck lateral flexion
head ipsilateral rotation

Question 6

Splenius Capitis - Purposeful Activity

Answer 6

social interaction
driving

Question 7

Splenius Cervicis - Proximal Attachment

Answer 7

spinous processes of C7-T6
ligamentum nuchae

Question 8

Splenius Cervicis - Distal Attachment

Answer 8

transverse processes of C1-C4

Question 9

Splenius Cervicis - Nerve Innervation

Answer 9

posterior (or dorsal) rami of spinal nerves

Question 10

Splenius Cervicis - Muscle Action

Answer 10

Bilaterally:
head & neck extension

Unilaterally:
neck lateral flexion
head ispilateral rotation

Question 11

Splenius Cervicis - Purposeful Activity

Answer 11

social interaction
driving

Question 12

What muscle group is found in the intermediate layer of the deep back?

Answer 12

Erector Spinae

Question 13

Name the muscles of the erector spinae group.

Answer 13

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

Question 14

Erector Spinae - Proximal Attachment

Answer 14

common tendon (thoracolumbar fascia) that attaches to the…

posterior surface of the sacrum
iliac crest
spinous processes of T11-L5

Question 15

Iliocostalis - Distal Attachment

Answer 15

lower rib angles
cervical transverse processes

Question 16

Longissimus - Distal Attachment

Answer 16

between rib tubercles & angles to the thoracic transverse processes

mastoid process?

Question 17

Spinalis - Distal Attachment

Answer 17

upper thoracic spinous processes
cranium

Question 18

Erector Spinae - Nerve Innervation

Answer 18

posterior (or dorsal) rami of spinal nerves

Question 19

Erector Spinae - Muscle Action

Answer 19

Bilaterally:
vertebral column extension

Unilaterally:
vertebral column ipsilateral flexion

Question 20

Erector Spinae - Purposeful Activity

Answer 20

maintaining an upright posture for ADL (activities of daily living)

Question 21

What muscle group is found in the deep layer of the deep back?

Answer 21

Transversospinalis

Question 22

What muscles make up the Transversospinalis group?

Answer 22

Rotatores
Multifidis
Semispinalis Capitis

Question 23

What are the 2 types of Rotatores muscles?

Answer 23

brevis & longus

Question 24

Rotatores - Inferior Attachment

Answer 24

transverse process of vertebrae

Question 25

Where is the Rotatores best developed?

Answer 25

thoracic region

Question 26

Rotatores - Superior Attachment

Answer 26

spinous process of lumbar vertebrae through C2 spans 1-2 segments above origin brevis: 1 longus: 2

Question 27

Rotatores - Nerve Innervation

Answer 27

posterior (or dorsal) rami of spinal nerves

Question 28

Rotatores - Muscle Action

Answer 28

Bilaterally: vertebral column local extension proprioception (sometimes?) Unilaterally: vertebral column contralateral rotation

Question 29

Rotatores - Purposeful Activity

Answer 29

tai chi or yoga (deep postural stability)

Question 30

Multifidus - Inferior Attachment

Answer 30

arises from... posterior sacrum posterior superior iliac spine aponeurosis of erector spinae sacroiliac ligaments mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae transverse processes of T1-T3 articular processes of C4-C7

Question 31

Multifidis - Superior Attachment

Answer 31

entire length of spinous processes spans 2-4 segments fibers pass obliquely superomedially

Question 32

Where is the Multifidus it's thickest?

Answer 32

lumbar region

Question 33

Multifidus - Nerve Innervation

Answer 33

posterior (or dorsal) rami of spinal nerves

Question 34

Multifidus - Muscle Action

Answer 34

Bilaterally: vertebral column local extension Unilaterally: vertebral column contralateral rotation also stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of the vertebral column

Question 35

Multifidus - Purposeful Activity

Answer 35

tai chi or yoga (deep postural stability)

Question 36

What are the other 2 segments of the Semispinalis Capitis?

Answer 36

cervicis & thoracis

Question 37

Semispinalis Capitis - Inferior Attachment

Answer 37

transverse processes of C4-T12

Question 38

Semispinalis Capitis - Superior Attachment

Answer 38

occipital bone spinous processes in thoracic & cervical regions spans 4-6 segments fibers run superomedially

Question 39

Semispinalis Capitis - Nerve Innervation

Answer 39

cervical posterior rami of spinal cervical nerves

Question 40

Semispinalis Capitis - Muscle Action

Answer 40

Bilaterally: head, neck, & thoracic spine extension Unilaterally: head, neck, & thoracic spine contralateral rotation

Question 41

Semispinalis Capitis - Purposeful Activity

Answer 41

using a computer workstation looking overhead