DEEP MUSCLES OF BACK

Question 1

O: iliac crest, sacrum, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae and supraspinal ligament
I: angles of the ribs, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae, posterior aspect of the skull
N: segmentally innervated by dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-S5
A: extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck, and head

Answer 1

Erector Spinae

Question 2

O: iliac crest and sacrum
I: angles of ribs
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C4-S5
A: extends and laterally bends the trunk and neck

Answer 2

Iliocostalis

Question 3

O: upper border of spinous process
I: lower border of spinous process above
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5
A: extend trunk and neck

Answer 3

Interspinales

Question 4

O: upper border of transverse process
I: lower border of transverse process above
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5
A: laterally bend trunk and neck

Answer 4

Intertransversarii

Question 5

O: transverse process at inferior vertebral levels
I: transverse process at superior vertebral levels and mastoid process
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-S1
A: extend and laterally bends the trunk, neck, and head

Answer 5

Longissimus

Question 6

O: sacrum, transverse processes of C3-L5
I: spinous processes 2-4 vertebral levels superior to their origin
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5
A: extend and laterally bends the trunk and neck, rotate to opposite side

Answer 6

Multifidus

Question 7

O: spinous process of the axis
I: transverse process of atlas
N: suboccipital nerve (DPR of C1)
A: rotates the head to same side

Answer 7

Obliquus Capitis Inferior

Question 8

O: transverse process of the atlas
I: occipital bone above inferior nuchal line
N: suboccipital nerve (DPR of C1)
A: extends the head, rotates the head to same side

Answer 8

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Question 9

O: spinous process of the axis
I: inferior nuchal line
N: suboccipital nerve (DPR of C1)
A: extends the head, rotates to same side

Answer 9

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

Question 10

O: posterior tubercle of atlas
I: inferior nuchal line medially
N: suboccipital nerve (DPR of C1)
A: extends the head

Answer 10

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

Question 11

O: transverse processes
I: long rotatores - spines 2 vertebrae above origin;
short rotatores - spines 1 vertebrae above origin
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5
A: rotates the vertebral column to the opposite side

Answer 11

Rotatores

Question 12

O: transverse processes of C7-T12
I: capitis - back of skull between nuchal lines;
cervicis & thoracis - spines 4-6 vertebrae above origin
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-T12
A: extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, rotates the trunk to the opposite side

Answer 12

Semispinalis

Question 13

O: thoracolumbar fascia, spines of vertebrae T11-T12 and L1-L2
I: ribs 9-12, lateral to the angles
N: branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T9-T12
A: pulls down lower ribs

Answer 13

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Question 14

O: ligamentum nuchae, spines of vertebrae C7 and T1-T3
I: ribs 1-4, lateral to the angles
N: branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves T1-T4
A: elevates the upper ribs

Answer 14

Serratus Posterior Superior

Question 15

O: spinous processes at inferior vertebral levels
I: spinous processes at superior vertebral levels and base of the skull
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2-L3
A: extends and laterally bends trunk and neck

Answer 15

Spinalis

Question 16

O: ligamentum nuchae and spines C7-T6
I: CAPITIS - mastoid process & superior nuchal line laterally;
CERVICIS - posterior tubercles of C1-C3 vertebrae
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2-C6
A: extends and laterally bends neck and head; rotates head to same side

Answer 16

Splenius

Question 17

O: ligamentum nuchae and spines C7-T6
I: mastoid process and lateral end of the superior nuchal line
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2-C6
A: extends and laterally bends neck and head; rotates head to same side

Answer 17

Splenius Capitis

Question 18

O: ligamentum nuchae and spines C7-T6
I: posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C1-C3 vertebrae
N: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C2-C6
A: extends and laterally bends neck and head; rotates head to same side

Answer 18

Splenius Cervicis