Defines Flashcards by Shannon Page

occurs when you either fail to act or act inappropriately

Breach of Duty

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“a duty to take some action to prevent harm to another, and for the failure of which one may be liable, depending on the relationship of the parties and the circumstances”

Duty to Act

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A network of trained professionals linked to provide advanced, out-of-hospital care for victims of sudden traumatic injury or illness

EMS System

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the care that you are expected to provide to the same patient under the same conditions as would any criminal justice firs-aid provider who received the same level of training

Standard of Care

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is giving up a right or interest with the intention of never again claiming it

Abandonment

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defined in Black’s Law Dictionary as “the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in a similar situation; any conduct that falls below the legal standard established to protect others against unreasonable risk of harm, except for conduct that is intentionally, wantonly, or willfully disregardful of other’s rights”

Negligance

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You had a legal duty to act or you failed to act in a certain way

Breach of Standard Care

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you had a duty to the patient

Duty to act

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your action or inaction directly resulted in the patient’s injury

Causation

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the patient was harmed as a result of your actions and the court is able to compensate the patient

Damages

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permission given for an action that is clearly and unmistakably stated or written by the patient or legal guardian

Expressed Consent

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the assumption that a person has given permission for an action because of their actions, rather than explicitly expressed

Implied Consent

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a person’s agreement to allow something to happen, made with full knowledge of the facts, benefits, risks, and alternatives

Informed Consent

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is unlawful touch or strike without the person’s consent

Battery

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A broad term used to describe a group of conditions that affect physical or mental functioning that arise early in life

Developmental Disabilities

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“a general term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life”

Dementia

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delivers oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide from the blood

Respiratory System

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pumps blood throughout the body; it delivers oxygen and nutrients to and remove waste from the body’s tissues. Also known as cardiovascular system

Circulatory System

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pumps blood throughout the body; it delivers oxygen and nutrients to and remove waste from the body’s tissues. Also known as cardiovascular system

Circulatory System

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houses and protects the brain. It also gives shape and function to the face

The skull

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protects the spinal cord and is the primary support for the entire body. it consists of separate bones called vertebrae that stack one on top of each other and are held together by muscles

Spinal Column

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consists of the collarbone and shoulder blades

Shoulder Girdle

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contain the sternum and ribs. It protects the heart, lungs, liver, and spleen

Rib Cage

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protects the reproductive organs and supports the organs in the lower abdominal cavity

Pelvis

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consist of the upper leg, lower leg, ankle, and foot

Lower Extremities

consist of the upper arm, lower arm (forearm), wrist, hand, and finger bones that comprise the arm

Upper Extremities

gives the body shape, protects internal organs, and allows for body movement

Muscular System

controls voluntary and involuntary body activity; it also supports higher mental functions, such as thought and emtion

Nervous System

consists of the brain and the spinal cord. Its components are the body's "mainframe computer" and processing center

Central Nervous System

includes nerves that connect to the spinal cord and branch out to every other part of the body. These nerves serve as 2-way communication system

Peripheral Nervous System

is the largest organ of the body. It protects everything inside the body, provides a barrier against bacteria and other harmful substances and organisms, and regulates body temperature

Skin

muscles used for deliberate acts, such as chewing, bending, lifting and running

Voluntary Muscles

carry out many automatic body functions

Involuntary Muscles (Smooth Muscles)

found only in the heart, work constantly expand and contract the heart

Cardiac Muscles

are microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease. Can be exposed to them through blood from an open wound while providing emergency first aid or from needlsticks

Bloodborne Pathogens

are microorganisms discharged from an infected person by coughing, sneezing, laughing, or close contact. They remain suspended in the air on dust particles, and respiratory and moisture droplets

Airborne Pathogens

are liquids within the human body, such as mucus, saliva, vomit, semen, vaginal secretions, and blood

Bodily Fluids

a type of bacteria that is highly contagious and resistant to certain antibotics

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

an airborne disease that effects the respiratory system

Tuberculosis (TB)

an injured person

Trauma Patient

a person who is ill

Medical Patient

uncontrolled servere bleeding; the number one preventable cause of trauma related deaths

Massive Hemorrhage

An obstructed ___ will restrict or completely impede a patient's ability to breathe

Airway

To assess for ______ or breathing, look for the rise and fall of the chest or abdomen.

respirations

an abnormal shape of a body part that may indicate fractures. Compare an injured body area to a similar, uninjured area

Deformities

wet clothing may indicate external bleeding. Carefully remove or cut open the clothing to find the bleeding, and try to control it immediately

Open Injuries

a conscious patient may complain of a pain when touched. In an unresponsive patient, observe the face for pain response

Tenderness

raised skin that may indicate soft-tissue injury and fractures

Swelling

helps maintain an open airway should the patient become nauseated or vomit, and may prevent breathing restrictions, such as positional asphyxia

Recovery Position

occurs when someone's body is in a position that interferes or prevents them from breathing adequately and leads to an insufficient intake of oxygen that the body needs

Positional Asphyxia

a life-saving component of first aid; when you need to move a patient quickly

Emergency Drags

the process of sorting and categorizing patients

Triage

meaning the patient is expected to die, but is not yet deceased

GREY

a scene that can include an active threat, multiple active threats, or any imminent danger

Direct Threat Care/ Hot Zone/ Care Under Fire

environment describes a scene in which the officer is out of imminent danger and but not yet in a safer zone

Indirect Threat Care/ Warm Zone/ Tactical Field Care

environment describes a scene in which you are moving towards transporting an injured officer to a medical treatment facility

Evacuation Care/ Cold Zone/ Tactical Evacuation Care

the failure of the heart and blood vessels to maintain enough oxygen-rich blood flowing to the vital organs of the body

Shock

any injury that is bleeding internally or has pooling blood under the skin

Closed Soft-Tissue Injury

a closed, discolored injury that is somewhat flat, tender to the touch, and has an obvious discoloration at the injury site

Bruising

a closed, discolored injury that is a raised, firm, and painful lump

Swelling

removal or loss of a limb

Amputation

a wound where the organs protrude the body

Evisceration

wound caused by a sharp object that penetrates skin

Puncture Wound

a cut on the skin

Laceration

injury to the outer layer of skin from rubbing or scraping

Abrasion

bright red blood spurting or flowing from a wound, indicating a severed or damage artery

Arterial Bleeding

dark red blood flowing steadily from a wound, indicating a severed or damage vein

Venous Bleeding

dark red blood oozing slowly from a wound, indicating damaged capillaries

Capillary Bleeding

a device that restricts the flow of blood to an extremity

Tourniquet

are (preferably) sterile pads applied directly to a wound

Dressings

a wound dressing containing an agent that promotes blood clotting. It encourages clotting at the injury site.

Hemostatic Gauze or Dressing

are coverings that hold dressings in place and do not touch the wound.

Bandages

a brain injury that occurs when sudden trauma causes damage to the brain

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

from blunt force trauma to the chest area

Closed Chest Injury

occurs when 2 or more adjacent ribs are fractured in 2 or more places due to blunt force trauma

Flail Chest Injury

occurs when there is a penetration through the chest wall. Air and blood enter the area surrounding the lungs and create a change in the pressure of the chest cavity

Open Chest Injury

a type of open chest injury involving a larger hole in the chest wall

Sucking Chest Injury

a type of airtight dressing applied to a penetrating trauma to the chest cavity that can limit air flow entering a wound and control air flow exiting a wound

Chest Seal

acts as a one-way valve that allows air to escape the chest cavity but not enter the cavity

Vented Chest Seal

an open wound where the organs protrude from the abdominal cavity

Abdominal Evisceration

the medical term for a broken bone

Fracture

the skin at the injury site is open, and the bone may protrude through the skin

Open Fracture

the skin at the injury site remains intact

Closed Fracture

occurs when trauma forces the end of the bone from its normal position, and it comes out of its socket at the end

Dislocation

the loss or removal of a limb or body part such as a finger, toe, hand, foot, arm, or leg

Amputation

damage the first, or outermost, layer of the skin, which becomes red and feels very painful

Superficial Burn

damage the first two layers, which causes swelling and reed, white, or splotchy skin

Partial-Thickness Burn

damage all skin layers and often affect the muscles and nerves underneath

Full-Thickness Burn

prescriptions are for pain management and delivered through injection, a transdermal patch, flavored lozenges, dissolving tablets, and nasal spray

Pharmaceutical Fentanyl

a broad term that is sometimes used to refer to a group of symptoms, such as severe agitation, hyperactivity confusion, intense paranoia, and hallucinations

Excited Delirium

a chronic illness that influences how the body turns food into energy. The body to not produce or properly use insulin

Diabetes

a hormone that converts sugar, starches, and other food into energy needed for the daily life

Insulin

a burst of uncontrolled electrical activity between cells in the brain

Seizure

a respiratory condition in which the airway passage narrows due to swelling and mucus, which causes breathing difficulties

Asthma

damages part of the brain due to the rupture or blockage of a blood vessel, often caused by high blood pressure, smoking, heart disease, or diabetes

Stroke

occurs when clogged blood vessel blocks the blood flow to the heart and it does not get the oxygen it needs

Heart Attack

occurs when the body cannot recover from fluid loss; an excessive cooling of the body's core temperature

Hyperthermia

a localized injury from overexposure to extreme cold; a local cold injury, is freezing or near freezing of a body part

Frostbite

substances that may cause an allergic reaction, injury, or death if introduced into the body

Poison

connects the baby to the patient and delivers oxygen and nutrients to the baby

Umbilical Cord

form during pregnancy and attaches to the uterus and the umbilical cord

Placenta