Defining Addiction Flashcards
when can an addiction be diagnosed?
when 2/11 symptoms are present during the same 12 month period
list behaviours the DSM-5 relate to those experiencing substance abuse
- cravings
- having substance despite risks
list the behaviours the DSM-5 relate to those experiencing alcohol abuse
- cravings
- missing work or school
- drinking in hazardous environments
name the two types of dependence
Physical and Psychological
outline physical dependence
- long term
- persons body is not able to function without substance
- withdrawal symptoms are present
what is psychological dependence led by?
it is led by two systems:
rational: conscious, aware of consequences
experiential: unconscious, not aware of the consequences
outline the psychological dependence
- short term
- mentally unable to function without substance
- cravings occur when the individual is trying to abstain
define tolerance
a persons diminished response of a substance as a result of prolonged use
name the three causes of tolerance
- Metabolic- enzymes become more effective at metabolising molecules over time
- Receptor density- number of receptors affects the rate at which the drug is processed
- Learned Tolerance- a persons body will become used to the drug and take it as the body functioning normally due to over exposure
define withdrawal symptoms
a range of effects a person experiences as the body is trying to adjust to the lack of a substance they normally rely on
name some withdrawal symptoms
- loss of appetite
- increased anxiety
what can affect the severity of symptoms?
- Volume
- Concentration
- Pattern
name the two phases of withdrawal
- Acute
- Post Acute
outline Acute withdrawal
- happens within hours
- body has yet t o adjust
- characterised by physical dependence which is intense and persistent
outline post Acute withdrawal
- last months or years
- characterised by emotional turmoil
- alternating periods of dysfunction
