DEFINITION OF COMMON ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HUSBANDRY TERMS

Question 1

Adaptation to environment over a period of time

Answer 1

Acclimatization

Question 2

Ad desired by the animal; self-fed

Answer 2

Ad-libitum

Question 3

Raising or production of fishes/marine products in selected or controlled environments

Answer 3

Aquaculture

Question 4

Planned system or measure to prevent entry and spread of diseases in the flock/herd

Answer 4

Biosecurity

Question 5

Tendency of hen to nest; incubating behavior

Answer 5

Broodiness

Question 6

Raising and caring for chicks in a protective environment (usually for the first 5 to 6 weeks)

Answer 6

Brooding

Question 7

Tendency or vice of animals in herd or flock to bite/peck others causing injuries

Answer 7

Cannibalism

Question 8

Animal body less viscera, head, skin, and lower legs after slaughter

Answer 8

Carcass

Question 9

Removal of the testicles of male animals

Answer 9

Castration

Question 10

Range of temperatures at which animal performance is maximized

Answer 10

Comfort zone (or thermoneutral zone)

Question 11

Structure, shape, or cut of animal carcass

Answer 11

Conformation

Question 12

Eating or consumption of feces

Answer 12

Coprophagy

Question 13

Feed provided to young animals within an enclosure that excludes larger animals

Answer 13

Creep feed

Question 14

A bolus of previously eaten food which has been regurgitated for further chewing

Answer 14

Cud

Question 15

Swallowing

Answer 15

Deglutition

Question 16

A belching or burping; expulsion of accumulated gastric gases

Answer 16

Erucation

Question 17

Scientific study of animal behavior in natural or typical environment

Answer 17

Ethology

Question 18

Deposition of unused energy in the form of fat within body tissues

Answer 18

Fattening

Question 19

To fatten a slaughter animal

Also the degree of fatness of such animal

Answer 19

Finishing

Question 20

Practice of feeding higher amount of nutrients prior to and during breeding for ovulation

Answer 20

Flushing

Question 21

Refers to wild birds for hunting

Example: Pheasants

Answer 21

Gamebirds

Question 22

Type of chicken of both sexes especially bred to produce fighting cocks

Answer 22

Gamefowls

Question 23

Maintenance of physiological stability even though environment may change

Answer 23

Homeostasis

Question 24

Animal that utilizes or dissipates energy to maintain body temperature (37 C).

Answer 24

Homeotherm (warm-blooded animal)

Question 25

Refers to raising, production, and proper care of livestock and poultry animals

Answer 25

Husbandry

Question 26

Pig fat produced from rendering process

Answer 26

Lard

Question 27

a) Bedding/flooring materials such as sawdust, rice hulls, and wood shavings b) a group of piglets/puppies born of a sow/bitch at the same parturition

Answer 27

Litter

Question 28

The interspersion of fat particles in lean meat

Answer 28

Marbling

Question 29

Chewing

Answer 29

Mastication

Question 30

Gross overall population of microorganisms Example: Bacteria, protozoans, yeast, etc

Answer 30

Microflora

Question 31

Animal fiber used for upholstery or clothing Of greater length and less crimp than wool

Answer 31

Mohair

Question 32

Property of being pleasing to taste

Answer 32

Palatability

Question 33

Social order The tendency of animals to behavior in order of social dominance

Answer 33

Pecking order

Question 34

The length of daylight or artificial light provided

Answer 34

Photoperiod

Question 35

Animal with little or no ability to maintain an even body temperature, so temperature is influenced largely by the immediate environment

Answer 35

Poikilotherm (cold-blooded animal)

Question 36

Act of voluntary vomiting of swallowed food

Answer 36

Regurgitation

Question 37

Feed low in digestible energy and high in fiber

Answer 37

Roughage

Question 38

Succulent feed produced from anaerobic storage and fermentation of forages

Answer 38

Silage

Question 39

A semi-airtight to airtight structure for use in the production and storage of silage

Answer 39

Silo

Question 40

Health or physical integrity of an animal or some of its parts

Answer 40

Soundness

Question 41

To remove the ovaries or sever the oviducts leading to the uterus, neutering in females

Answer 41

Spay

Question 42

Refers to the fat of cattle, buffalo, or sheep

Answer 42

Tallow

Question 43

Subjects related to the science of livestock and poultry production/management,nutrition, breeding/genetics, with emphasis on the quality of production, animal health, safety (public health and animal welfare, usually taken as courses in veterinary medicine.

Answer 43

Zootechnics