Definition of Terms

Question 1

granular material of mineral composition such as sand, gravel, shell, crushed and
uncrushed stone or light weight materials

Answer 1

aggregates

Question 2

the suitable material used to replace other materials removed during construction

Answer 2

backfill

Question 3

he suitable material used for embankments

Answer 3

borrow

Question 4

structure, including supports, erected over a depression or an obstruction, such as water, a highway, or a railway; having a roadway or track for carrying traffic or
other moving loads

Answer 4

bridge

Question 5

removal and disposal of trees, vegetation or other unwanted materials from the ground surface

Answer 5

clearing

Question 6

application of pressure to aggregates to result in a dense mass free of excessive voids. Compaction minimizes settlement, decreases permeability and increases
strength

Answer 6

compaction

Question 7

structural component of specified thickness. It may consist of one layer or more

Answer 7

course

Question 8

drainage structure that may or may not, directly support and that extends across and beneath a highway street, driveway, alley, arterial, or other public way

Answer 8

culvert

Question 9

product resulting from the mechanical crushing of gravel, with substantially all
fragments having at least one face resulting from fracture

Answer 9

crushed gravel

Question 10

removal of water from the road area by the use of culverts, ditches, channels and
other several structures

Answer 10

earthwork

Question 11

protection of soil from disclosing by water, wind, or other agent

Answer 11

erosion control

Question 12

determination of the degree of compactness of the soil

Answer 12

field density test

Question 13

the embankment material placed above natural ground line

Answer 13

fill

Question 14

access roads that connect major road arteries to the agricultural production areas where farm produce are being mobilized and transported to the market by the farmers and fishermen

Answer 14

farm to market roads

Question 14

act of cutting, digging, or scooping to remove material

Answer 14

excavation

Question 15

property of a soil which describes the distribution of size groups

Answer 15

gradation

Question 16

slope of a roadway, channel, or natural ground

Answer 16

grade

Question 17

rate of increase or decrease in the level of the land, the slope expressed in percentage

Answer 17

grading

Question 18

removal and disposal of trees, and other unwanted materials below the ground surface

Answer 18

grubbing

Question 19

roadway, which is divided into two (2) or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic

Answer 19

lane roadway

Question 20

form of stone, brick, concrete block, concrete, or other similar building materials that have been bonded together with mortar to form a structure

Answer 20

masonry

Question 21

earth roadway, which one way is a clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic

Answer 21

one-lane earth road

Question 22

gravel roadway, which one way is clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic

Answer 22

one-lane gravel road

Question 23

asphalt pavement roadway, which one way is clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic

Answer 23

one-lane asphalt pavement road

Question 24

concrete roadway, which one way is clearly marked lane for vehicular traffic

Answer 24

one-lane concrete road

Question 25

quarried stone especially selected, graded and placed to prevent erosion and thereby preserve the shape of a surface, slope, or underlying structure

Answer 25

riprap

Question 26

graded portion of a highway between top and side slopes, prepared as a foundation for the pavement structure and shoulder

Answer 26

road bed

Question 27

space/location/site intended to employ traffic consideration for the transport of agricultural products

Answer 27

roadway

Question 28

travel way or crown portion of the roadway intended for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders

Answer 28

road carriageway

Question 29

lateral design width for one lane or two lanes strip of roadway

Answer 29

road carriageway width

Question 30

raised structure of soil, soil aggregate, sand or rock

Answer 30

roadway embankment

Question 31

part of the roadway next to the traveled way or auxiliary lanes that provide lateral support of base and surface courses and is an emergency stopping area for vehicles

Answer 31

road shoulder

Question 32

saving of different existing materials from the projects which are removed and intended to be used in other construction

Answer 32

salvage materials

Question 33

written technical description of materials, equipment, construction systems, standards, and workmanship that, in conjunction with the drawings, detail the requirements for acceptable completion of the work

Answer 33

specifications

Question 34

refer to the bridges, culverts, wall, buildings, foundations, water tanks, transmission towers, cribbing, caissons or coffer dams, other similar features which may be encountered in the work and are classified as structures

Answer 34

structures

Question 35

refers to the layer of the specified or selected materials of designated thickness in a pavement structure immediately above the sub-grade and below the base course

Answer 35

Subbase course

Question 36

roadbed upon which the pavement structures is placed

Answer 36

subgrade (earth road)

Question 37

upper portion of material which act as foundation Subbase course

Answer 37

subgrade (gravel road)

Question 38

top surface of the roadbed upon which the pavement is placed

Answer 38

subgrade (bituminous, concrete road)

Question 39

vehicular and non-vehicular movement along a route such as pedestrians, vehicles, animals, etc.

Answer 39

traffic

Question 40

earth roadway, which two (2) ways are marked lanes for vehicular traffic

Answer 40

wo-lane earth road

Question 41

gravel roadway, which two (2) ways are marked lanes for vehicular traffic

Answer 41

two-lane gravel road

Question 42

asphalt pavement roadway, which two ways are marked lanes for vehicular traffic

Answer 42

two-lane asphalt pavement road

Question 43

concrete pavement roadway, on which two lanes are marked for vehicular traffic

Answer 43

two-lane concrete pavement road

Question 44

a widened, unobstructed shoulder area, about 30 meters long, that may be used for emergency purposes or allow slow-moving vehicles to pull out of the carriageway to give passing opportunity to following or incoming vehicles

Answer 44

turn-out section