Definition then Word

Question 1

24-hour ECG tracing taken with a small, portable recording system.

Answer 1

Holter monitor test

Question 2

Noninvasive ultrasound diagnostic test used to visualize internal cardiac structures.

Answer 2

Echocardiography

Question 3

Radiological examination of the blood vessels of and around the heart.

Answer 3

Coronary angiography

Question 4

Agents used to treat angina

Answer 4

Nitrates

Question 5

Drugs that have powerful lipid-lowering properties.

Answer 5

Statins

Question 6

Management of edema associated with heart failure and hypertension

Answer 6

Diuretics

Question 7

Include Troponin T, Troponin I, and CK (creatinine kinase).

Answer 7

Cardiac enzyme studies

Question 8

Injection and detection of radioactive isotopes to create images and identify function and disease

Answer 8

Scintigraphy

Question 9

ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions

Answer 9

Stress test

Question 10

Tying of a varicose vein and subsequent removal

Answer 10

Ligation and stripping

Question 11

Surgical separation of the leaflets of the mitral valve.

Answer 11

Commissurotomy

Question 12

Removal of a small segment of an artery for diagnostic purposes

Answer 12

Arterial biopsy

Question 13

Destruction of conductive tissue of the heart to interrupt abnormal contractions

Answer 13

Catheter ablation

Question 14

Technique used to block blood flow to a site by injecting an occluding agent

Answer 14

Embolization

Question 15

Procedure that alters a vessel through surgery or dilation

Answer 15

Angioplasty

Question 16

Dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon catheter

Answer 16

PTCA (Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty)

Question 17

Surgery that creates a bypass around a blocked segment of a coronary artery

Answer 17

CABG (Coronary artery bypass graft)

Question 18

Removal of occluding material using a cutting or grinding device

Answer 18

Atherectomy

Question 19

Incision or puncture of a vein to remove blood or introduce fluids

Answer 19

Venipuncture

Question 20

Destruction of a blood clot

Answer 20

Thrombolysis

Question 21

Chest pain

Answer 21

Angina

Question 22

Profuse sweating

Answer 22

Diaphoresis

Question 23

Inability of a valve to close completely

Answer 23

Incompetent

Question 24

Varicose veins of the esophagus

Answer 24

Varices

Question 25

Small masses of inflammatory material found on the leaflets of valves

Answer 25

Vegetations

Question 26

Graphic line recording that shows the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart using small metal electrodes applied to the chest, arms, and legs.

Answer 26

Electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG)

Question 27

Passage of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart.

Answer 27

Cardiac Catheterization (CC)

Question 28

Blood clot that obstructs a vessel.

Answer 28

Thrombus

Question 29

Slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes, or obstructed arteries.

Answer 29

Stent

Question 30

Congenital anomaly consisting of four elements: pulmonary artery stenosis, interventricular septal defect, transposition of the aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy.

Answer 30

Tetralogy of Fallot

Question 31

Circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ.

Answer 31

Perfusion

Question 32

Failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary artery.

Answer 32

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

Question 33

Sensation that the heart is not beating normally, possibly including "thumping," "fluttering," "skipped beats," "or a pounding feeling in the chest.

Answer 33

Palpitation

Question 34

Chemical radioactive material used as a tracer to follow a substance through the body or a structure.

Answer 34

Radioisotope

Question 35

Common and occasionally serious condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole causing a characteristic murmur heard on auscultation.

Answer 35

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

Question 36

Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction.

Answer 36

Ischemia

Question 37

Area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply.

Answer 37

Infarct

Question 38

Implantable battery-powered device that monitors and automatically corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by sending electrical impulses to the heart.

Answer 38

Implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD)

Question 39

Any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure.

Answer 39

Hypertensive heart disease

Question 40

Common disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic.

Answer 40

Hypertension (HTN)

Question 41

HTN in which there is no identifiable cause; also called essential hypertension.

Answer 41

Primary hypertension

Question 42

HTN that results from an underlying, identifiable, commonly correctable cause.

Answer 42

Secondary hypertension

Question 43

Excessive amounts of lips (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides) in the blood.

Answer 43

Hyperlipidemia

Question 44

Arrest of bleeding or circulation

Answer 44

Hemostasis

Question 45

Quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, especially of the heart, causing ineffectual contractions.

Answer 45

Fibrillation

Question 46

Mass of undissolved matter (foreign object, air, gas, tissue, thrombus) circulating in blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel.

Answer 46

Embolus

Question 47

Failure of the heart to supply an adequate amount of blood to tissues and organs.

Answer 47

Heart Failure (HF)

Question 48

Localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery

Answer 48

Aneurysm

Question 49

Condition of being stopped or bringing to a stop

Answer 49

Arrest

Question 50

Loss of effective cardiac function, which results in cessation of circulation

Answer 50

Cardiac arrest

Question 51

Cessation of the circulation of blood due to ventricular standstill or fibrillation

Answer 51

Circulatory arrest

Question 52

Inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or "skipping" a beat; also called dysrhythmia.

Answer 52

Arrhythmia

Question 53

Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the movement of blood, valvular action, or both; also called a murmur.

Answer 53

Bruit

Question 54

Any disease or weakening of the heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function.

Answer 54

Cardiomyopathy

Question 55

Thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube that is small enough to be threaded through a vein, artery, or tubular structure.

Answer 55

Catheter

Question 56

Narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta

Answer 56

Coarctation

Question 57

Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially those in the legs or thighs.

Answer 57

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Question 58

Calculation of how much blood a ventricle can eject with one contraction

Answer 58

Ejection fraction (EF)