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SPD > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

A surgical procedure done in a manner that causes little or no trauma or injury to the patient; It is often performed through a cannula using lasers, endocopes or laparoscopes. Compared with other procedures, minimally invasive procedures involve smaller incisions, less bleeding, smaller amounts of anesthesia, less pain and minimal scarring.

A

Minimally Invasive Procedure

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2
Q

A system of health care providers and organizations that provides for (or arranges to provide) a coordinated range of services to a specific population.

A

Integrated Delivery Network (IDN)

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3
Q

To make safe by removing or reducing contamination by infectious organisms or other harmful substances; the reduction of contamination to an acceptable level.

A

Decontamination

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4
Q

A part of standard precautions for all healthcare workers to prevent skin and mucus membrane exposure when in contact with blood and body fluid of any patient. PPE includes fluid-resistant protective clothing, disposable gloves, eye protection, face masks and shoe covers.

A

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

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5
Q

Information provided by a device manufacturer that provides detailed instructions on how to properly use and process the device.

A

Instructions For Use (IFU)

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6
Q

An inventory control system for products / equipment typically used in an Operating Room that involves use of an enclosed or covered cart generally prepared for one surgical case; and not used for general sole replenishment.

A

Case Cart System

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7
Q

A cart prepared for an individual procedure. Case Carts usually contain all instruments, supplies and utensils needed for a specific procedure.

A

Case Cart

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8
Q

A document that identifies a physician’s needs (requests and preferences) for a specific medical procedure. Preference Cards usually contain information regarding the instruments, equipment, supplies and utensils used by a specific physician. They may also include reminders for the staff of the physician’s preferences regarding patient draping, instruments and supplies.

A

Doctor’s (Physician’s) Preference Card

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9
Q

A list of specific supplies, utensils and instruments for the specific procedures. Central Service Technicians use these lists to assemble the items needed for individual procedures.

A

Case Cart Pull Sheet (Pick List)

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10
Q

The healthcare department responsible for researching, ordering, receiving, and managing inventory (consumable supplies).

A

Material Management Department

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11
Q

Method of using appropriate barriers to reduce the risk of transmission of bloodborn and other pathogens from both recognized and unrecognized sources. It is the basic level of infection control to prevent transmission of infectious organisms from contact with blood and all other body fluids to non-intact skin and mucous membranes. This standard applies to all patients, regardless of diagnosis or presumed infectious status.

A

Standard Precautions

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12
Q

An infection that is not present when a patient is admitted to a hospital or healthcare facility. If the infection develops in a patient on or after day three of admission to the hospital or healthcare facility, the infection is referred to as a hospital-acquired or healthcare-associated infection.

A

Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI)

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13
Q

A human resources tool that identifies the major tasks performed by individuals in specific positions.

A

Job Description

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14
Q

Association / Industry recognition attained by individuals with educational and / or work experience requirements who successfully complete an examination process demonstrating their knowledge of pertinent, job-related subject matter.

A

Certification

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15
Q

Abbreviation for Latin “statim” meaning immediately or at once.

A

STAT

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16
Q

Part of a word.

A

Word Elements

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17
Q

Tells the primary meaning of a word; also called base word element.

A

Root Word Element

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18
Q

The word element that comes before the root word element.

A

Prefix Word Element

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19
Q

The word element that comes after the root word element.

A

Suffix Word Element

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20
Q

A letter (usually an “o”) that is sometimes used to ease the pronunciation of a medical word.

A

Combining Vowel

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21
Q

The study of the structure and relationships between body parts.

A

Anatomy

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22
Q

The study of the functions of body parts and the body as a whole.

A

Physiology

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23
Q

The basic unit of life; the smallest structural unit of living organisms capable of performing all basic functions of life.

A

Cell

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24
Q

The outer covering of a cell that regulates what enters and leaves it.

A

Cell Membrane

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25
Q

Clear jelly-like substance of a cell between the cell membrane and nucleus.

A

Cytoplasm

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26
Q

The functional center of a cell that governs activity and heredity.

A

Nucleus

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27
Q

A group of similar cells that perform a specialized function.

A

Tissue

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28
Q

A part of the body containing two or more tissues that function together for a specific purpose.

A

Organ

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29
Q

A group of organs that work together to carry out a specific activity.

A

System

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30
Q

A chord of fibrous tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone.

A

Tendon

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31
Q

A band of connective tissue that connects a bone to another bone.

A

Ligament

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32
Q

A type of flexible connective tissue.

A

Cartilage

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33
Q

The process by which cartilage is replaced by bone.

A

Ossification

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34
Q

Any place where two bones meet.

A

Joint

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35
Q

Band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue.

A

Fascia

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36
Q

The part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.

A

Central Nervous System (CNS)

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37
Q

All nerve tissue outside the central nervous system.

A

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

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38
Q

The main control unit of the central nervous system.

A

Brain

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39
Q

The largest part of the brain. It controls mental activities and movement.

A

Cerebellum

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40
Q

This controls many automatic body functions, such as heartbeat and breathing.

A

Brain Stem

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41
Q

Chemical messengers that travel through the blood and act on target organs.

A

Hormones

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42
Q

The total chemical changes by which the nutritional and functional activities of an organism are maintained.

A

Metabolism

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43
Q

A hormone that reduces the level of sugar in the blood.

A

Insulin

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44
Q

A hormone that can increase the blood sugar level.

A

Glucagon

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45
Q

The male sex cell.

A

Sperm

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46
Q

The female sex cell.

A

Ovum

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47
Q

Rod-shaped structures responsible for inherited characteristics passed on from parent to child.

A

Chromosomes

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48
Q

Male reproductive gland that forms and secretes sperm and several fluid elements in semen.

A

Testes

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49
Q

Sac in which testes are suspended.

A

Scrotum

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50
Q

A tube that carries sperm cells from the testes to the vas deferens.

A

Epididymis

51
Q

A duct that transfers sperm from the epididymus to the seminal vessel.

A

Vas Deferens

52
Q

A gland that produces semen.

A

Seminal Vesicle

53
Q

Mixture of sperm cells in secretions from several male reproductive glands.

A

Semen

54
Q

A duct formed by the joining of the seminal vesicle with the vas deferens, through which semen moves during ejaculation.

A

Ejaculatory Duct

55
Q

A tube that discharges urine.

A

Urethra

56
Q

Male organ of urination and intercourse.

A

Penis

57
Q

Produces a fluid element in semen that stimulates the movement of sperm.

A

Prostate Gland

58
Q

The muscular canal in a female that extends from an external opening to the neck of the uterus.

A

Vagina

59
Q

Lower (and neck) of the uterus.

A

Cervix

60
Q

A female organ within which the fetus develops during pregnancy.

A

Uterus

61
Q

Lining of the uterus.

A

Endometrium

62
Q

Slender tubes that convey the ova (eggs) from the ovaries to the uterus.

A

Fallopian Tubes

63
Q

Finger-like projections extending from the fallopian tubes that draw ova (eggs) into the filopian tube.

A

Fimbriae

64
Q

Female reproductive organs.

A

Ovaries

65
Q

Organs that remove excess water and waste substances from the blood in a process that yields urine.

A

Kidneys

66
Q

Tube-like structures extending from the kidneys to the urinary bladder that move urine between these organs.

A

Ureters

67
Q

The reservoir of urine.

A

Urinary Bladder

68
Q

An organ that filters the blood to remove amino acids and neutralize some harmful toxins.

A

Liver

69
Q

This organ contains sweat glands that, through the process of perspiration, produces and eliminates sweat.

A

Skin

70
Q

Organ of smell; also filters the air we breathe.

A

Nose

71
Q

Open opening through which air, food, and beverages enter the body; beginning of the alimentary canal.

A

Mouth

72
Q

Throat.

A

Pharynx

73
Q

Connect the throat to the stomach.

A

Esophagus

74
Q

Voice box.

A

Larynx

75
Q

Windpipe

A

Trachea

76
Q

The main passageway for air to travel from the trachea to the lungs.

A

Bronchi

77
Q

Main organs of the respiratory system whose function is transporting oxygen into the blood and removing carbon dioxide from the blood.

A

Lungs

78
Q

The pathway that food takes through the digestive system; also called digestive tract.

A

Alimentary Canal

79
Q

A pouch that serves as a reservoir for food that has been consumed.

A

Stomach

80
Q

The organ in the digestive system where the greatest amount of digestion and absorption of nutrients into the body cells occur.

A

Small Intestine

81
Q

The digestive organ that dehydrates digestive residues (feces).

A

Large Intestine (Colon)

82
Q

The last several inches of the large intestine.

A

Rectum

83
Q

The lower opening of the alimentary canal.

A

Anus

84
Q

A type of connective tissue fluid that transports many substances throughout the circulatory system.

A

Blood

85
Q

The largest component of the blood. Transports nutrients throughout the body and helps remove wastes from the body.

A

Plasma

86
Q

Blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body.

A

Red Blood Cells

87
Q

Blood cells that circulate in the blood and help defend the body against infection or foreign invaders.

A

White Blood Cells

88
Q

Blood cells whose function is to help the blood to clot.

A

Platelets

89
Q

The muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

A

Heart

90
Q

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

A

Arteries

91
Q

Vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

A

Veins

92
Q

Vessels that serve as connections between veins and arteries.

A

Capillaries

93
Q

The two upper chambers of the heart.

A

Atria

94
Q

The two lower chambers of the heart.

A

Ventricles

95
Q

The largest blood vessel in the body.

A

Aorta

96
Q

The study of microorganisms. The scientific study of the nature, life, and action of microorganisms.

A

Microbiology

97
Q

The state of being soiled by contact with infectious organisms or other material.

A

Contamination

98
Q

Teable of causing disease (disease-causing microorganisms).

A

Pathogen

99
Q

1 / 25,000 of an inch or 1 / 1,000 of a millimeter.

A

Micron

100
Q

Requiring the presence of air or free oxygen.

A

Aerobic

101
Q

Bacteria that can live in the absence of atmospheric oxygen.

A

Anaerobic

102
Q

Microorganisms capable of forming a thick wall around themselves enabling them to survive in adverse conditions; a resistant form of bacterium.

A

Endospores (Spores)

103
Q

Measure of alkalinity or acidity on a scale of 0 to 14; pH of 7 is neutral, neither acid nor alkaline; pH below 7 is acid; pH above 7 is alkaline.

A

pH

104
Q

Bacteria whose optimum temperature for growth is 59°F to 68°F (15°C to 20°C) or below.

A

Psychrophiles (Bacteria)

105
Q

Bacteria that grow best at moderate temperatures: 68°F to 113°F (20°C to 45°C).

A

Mesophiles (Bacteria)

106
Q

Bacteria which grow best at a temperature of 122°F to 158°F (50°C to 70°C).

A

Thermophiles (Bacteria)

107
Q

State of active growth of microorganisms (as opposed to the resting or spore stages).

A

Vegetative Stage

108
Q

A unit used to measure the length of light waves.

A

Angstrom

109
Q

The typical method of bacterial reproduction in which a cell divides into two equal parts.

A

Binary Fission

110
Q

An infectious protein particle; an infectious particle of protein that, unlike a virus, contains no nucleic acid, does not trigger an immune response, and is not destroyed by extreme heat or cold.

A

Prion

111
Q

A written law adopted by a legislative body that governs a city, county, state, or country.

A

Statute

112
Q

Rules issued by administrative agencies that have the force of law.

A

Regulation

113
Q

A uniform method of defining basic parameters of processes, products, services, and measurements.

A

Standard

114
Q

A comparison benchmark that is mandated by a governing agency. Noncompliance with regulatory standards may lead to citations and legal penalties.

A

Regulatory Standards

115
Q

Guidelines or recommendations for best practices to provide better patient care industry nonprofit organizations, trade associations, and others develop these.

A

Voluntary Standards

116
Q

A method or technique that has consistently shown results superior to those achieved by other means.

A

Best Practice

117
Q

A safety information and adverse event reporting system that serves healthcare professionals and the public by reporting serious problems suspected to be associated with the drugs and medical devices they prescribe, dispense, or use.

A

MedWatch

118
Q

Any of the gases that absorb solar radiation are responsible for the greenhouse effect, including carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and fluorocarbons.

A

Greenhouse Gases

119
Q

A federal medical insurance program that primarily serves those over age 65 years of age, regardless of income, people under 65 with certain disabilities, and people of all ages with end-stage renal disease.

A

Medicare

120
Q

A federal and state assistance program that pays covered medical expenses for low-income individuals. It is run by state and local governments within federal guidelines.

A

Medicaid

121
Q

The HIPAA privacy rule provides federal protections for individually identifiable health information held by covered entities and their business associates and gives patients an array of rights with respect to that information.

A

Health Insurance Portability And Accountability Act (HIPAA)

122
Q

Voluntary guidelines representing a consensus of AAMI members that are intended for use by health care facilities, facilities, and manufacturers to help ensure that medical instrumentation is safe for patient use.

A

Standards (AAMI)

123
Q

Reports developed by experts in the field that contain valuable information needed by the healthcare industry. TIRs have not undergone the formal approval system that standards are submitted to and may need farther evaluation by experts. TIR may be revised or withdrawn at any time because they address a rapidly evolving field or technology.

A

Technical Information Reports (TIRs)

SPD (7 decks)

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