Definitions

Question 1

Soluble

Answer 1

A substance which will dissolve

Question 2

Insoluble

Answer 2

A substance which will not dissolve

Question 3

Saturated

Answer 3

A solution in which no more substance can be dissolved

Question 4

Catalyst

Answer 4

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction but is not used up during the reaction and can be recovered chemically unchanged

Question 5

Compound

Answer 5

When two or more elements are chemically joined together

Question 6

Mixture

Answer 6

When two or more substances come together however do not react.

Question 7

Solute

Answer 7

The substance which is dissolved

Question 8

Solvent

Answer 8

The liquid that the solute dissolves in

Question 9

Solution

Answer 9

What is formed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent

Question 10

Indicator

Answer 10

Used to show the end point of a reaction

Question 11

Burette

Answer 11

Accurate piece of apparatus used to measure round numbers

Question 12

Pipette

Answer 12

Accurate piece of apparatus used to measure round numbers

Question 13

Concordant

Answer 13

Titre results within 0.2cm3 of each other

Question 14

Ion

Answer 14

A particle which has lost or gained electrons (and has a charge)

Question 15

Isotope

Answer 15

Atoms with the same atomic number but a different mass number (have different neutrons)

Question 16

Relative Atomic Mass

Answer 16

The average mass of all the isotopes of an element, taking into account the abundance of each

Question 17

Covalent Bond

Answer 17

The attraction between the 2 positive nuclei and the shared pair of electrons (between two non-metal atoms)

Question 18

Covalent Molecule

Answer 18

A small group of non-metal atoms held together by covalent bonds (low mp/bp)

Question 19

Covalent Network

Answer 19

A giant network of atoms held together by covalent bonds (have very high mp/bp)

Question 20

Ionic Lattice

Answer 20

A giant structure of positive and negative ions

Question 21

Tetrahedral Molecule

Answer 21

Shape of molecules with 5 atoms (eg CH4)

Question 22

Trigonal Pyramidal

Answer 22

Shape of molecules with 4 atoms (eg NH3)

Question 23

Angular

Answer 23

Shape of molecules with 3 atoms (eg H2O)

Question 24

Linear

Answer 24

Shape of molecules with 2 atoms (eg H-Br)

Question 25

Electrolysis

Answer 25

Breaking up an ionic compound into its elements using electricity

Question 26

Acidic solution

Answer 26

Solution which has more H+ ions than OH- ions

Question 27

Alkali solution

Answer 27

Solution which has more OH- ions than H+ ions

Question 28

Neutral solution

Answer 28

Solution where H+ ions are equal to OH- ions

Question 29

Precipitate

Answer 29

The (insoluble) solid that forms when two solutions are added together

Question 30

Spectator Ion

Answer 30

An ion which doesn't take part in a reaction

Question 31

Base

Answer 31

A chemical which neutralises an acid (metal hydroxide/oxide/carbonate)

Question 32

Fuel

Answer 32

A substance that gives out energy when burned

Question 33

Exothermic

Answer 33

A reaction which gives out heat energy

Question 34

Combustion

Answer 34

A reaction when a substance burns with oxygen

Question 35

Functional Group

Answer 35

A group of atoms in a molecule which gives the chemical properties

Question 36

Homologous Series

Answer 36

A group of molecules which have similar chemical properties and the same general formula

Question 37

Unsaturated

Answer 37

Molecules which contain a carbon-carbon double bond

Question 38

Alkanol

Answer 38

Group of molecules which contain the hydroxyl functional group

Question 39

Alkanoic Acids

Answer 39

A group of molecules which all contain the carboxyl group, and have a pH less than 7

Question 40

Carboxyl

Answer 40

COOH group

Question 41

Hydroxyl

Answer 41

An OH group in a molecule

Question 42

Isomer

Answer 42

Molecules with the same chemical/molecular formula but a different structure

Question 43

Full Structural Formula

Answer 43

Shows the whole molecule and every bond

Question 44

Shortened Structural Formula

Answer 44

Shows the carbon groupings in the molecule

Question 45

Chemical/Molecular Formula

Answer 45

Tells you the number of atoms of each element in a molecule

Question 46

Addition

Answer 46

A reaction where atoms are added to the carbons of a C=C

Question 47

Hydrogenation

Answer 47

A reaction where hydrogen is added to a C=C

Question 48

Hydration

Answer 48

A reaction where water is added to a C=C

Question 49

Halogenation

Answer 49

A reaction where a halogen is added to a C=C

Question 50

Standard solution

Answer 50

a solution of accurately known concentration

Question 51

half-life

Answer 51

it takes for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay