Definitions

Question 0

Projection

Answer 0

Defense mechanism; Falsely attributing their own unacceptable feelings/thoughts to another; Removes focus from the patient
ie. pt who is angry w/ therapist suddenly accuses therapist of being angry with him.

Question 1

Psychomotor retardation

Answer 1

Slow in/voluntary movments
Hypokinesia, bradykinesia
Tx= methylphenidate (s/e= insomnia, arrhythmia)

Question 2

Schizoid personality d/o

Answer 2

Cluster A: “Mad” odd and eccentric

-Loner, detached, flat affect, restricted emotions, indifferent to interpersonal relationships

Question 3

Schizotypal personality d/o

Answer 3

Cluster A: "mad"
Odd, eccentric, magical thinking, paranoid, not psychotic (no hallucinations or fixed delusions).
*projection, regression, fantasy
*assoc w/ family h/o schizophrenia
(think of video gamers)

Question 4

Paranoid personality d/o

Answer 4

Cluster A: “mad”
Distrustful and suspicious, constricted affect, tendency to interpret actions of others as deliberate, questioning loyalty/trustworthiness, holds grudges, *NO delusions or hallucinations,
*Projection

Question 5

Histrionic personality d/o

Answer 5

Cluster B: “bad”
Excessively emotional, attention-seeking, theatrical speech, seductive
*Reaction formation, repression
-Tx; group therapy

Question 6

Narcissistic personality d/o

Answer 6

Cluster B: “bad”
Self-important, needs admiration, dismissive of feelings of others/lack of empathy, entitled to special treatment, fantasies about obtaining unlimited power/success, exaggerate achievements, jealous of others’ achievments
*denial, devaluation, idealization

Question 7

Antisocial personality d/o

Answer 7

Cluster B: “bad”
Lacks empathy, acts out, aggressive, no remorse, impulsive
*must have h/o conduct disorder as a child
SSRIs and mood stabilizers to reduce aggressive sx.

Question 8

Borderline personality d/o

Answer 8

Cluster B: “bad”
Impulsive, unstable relationships, affective instability, suicidal behavior, sexually acting out
*Splitting, projection
Tx= dialectical behavioral therapy

Question 9

Obsessive-compulsive personality d/o

Answer 9

Cluster C: “sad”
Perfectionistic, control freak, hyper-focused on orderliness.
Rigidity, stubornness, trouble meeting deadlines/making choices.
*reaction formation

Question 10

Avoidant personality d/o

Answer 10

Cluster C: “sad”
Hypersensitive to criticism, socially uncomforatble, *seeks out interpersonal relationships but w/ great discomfort, very sensitive to rejection or change of being rejected, feelings of inadequacy
Tx= pyschotherapy, SSRI or betaxolol for anxiety

Question 11

Dependent personality d/o

Answer 11

Cluster C: “sad”

Submissive, clinging, needs to be taken care of, seeks others to make decisions for them

Question 12

Idealization

Answer 12

Defense mechanism; pt deals w/ emotional conflict by attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others.
ie. woman being abused/neglect by husband states “he is the best thing that ever happened to me.”

Question 13

Reaction formation

Answer 13

Defense mechanism; pt deals w/ emotional conflict by substituting behavior, thoughts, or feelings that are diametrically opposed to his/her own acceptable thoughts.
ie. woman is angry w/ cheating husband cooks him a nice dinner and acts sweetly towards him.

Question 14

Delirium tremens

Answer 14

Disorientation, fluctuation in level of consciousness, elevated vital signs, tremors as result of abrupt reduction/cessation of heavy EtOH use that has lasted for a prolonged period of time

Question 15

Korsakoff syndrome

Answer 15

Anterograde and retrograde amnesia with confabulation

-irreversible; caused by thiamine deficiency

Question 16

Wernicke syndrome

Answer 16

• Acute, reversible encephalopathy resulting from thiamine deficiency
• Triad: delirium, opthalmoplegia, ataxia.

Question 17

Agnosia

Answer 17

Failure to recognize or identify objects despite intact sensory functions

Question 18

Apraxia

Answer 18

Impaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor function

Question 19

Ideas of reference

Answer 19

False beliefs that, for example, a TV or radio performer, song, or newspaper article refers to oneself.

Question 20

Agoraphobia

Answer 20

Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult (or embarrassing) or in which help cannot be available in the event of experiencing a panic attack.

Question 21

Ego-dystonic

Answer 21

Describes a character deficit perceived by a patient as objectionable, distressing, or inconsistent to the self

Question 22

Ego-syntonic

Answer 22

Describes a character deficit perceived by the patient to be acceptable, unobjectionable, and consistent to the self.

• Pt tends to blame others for problems that occur.
• Personality d/o’s are ego-syntonic

Question 23

Tangential speech

Answer 23

When one’s thoughts “take off on a tangent” from the initial question or line of thought and do NOT return to the original line of thinking.

Question 24

Formication

Answer 24

A hallucinated sensation that insects/snakes are crawling over the skin
-common s/e of extensive cocaine or amphetamine use

Question 25

Derealization

Answer 25

A perception that the environment is somehow different or strange although the individual cannot account for the changes.

Question 26

Dissociative amnesia

Answer 26

Memory loss of some component of an event which in the case of acute stress d/o is usually traumatic.

Question 27

Delta sleep

Answer 27

low frequency, high voltage sleep stage
Stage 3 and 4 sleep
-night terrors and sleep walking occurs during periods of arousal in delta sleep
-delta sleep occurs more in the 1st half of night

Question 28

Dyssomnia

Answer 28

Sleep difficulties associated w/ duration and type of sleep

• xs sleepiness or difficulty initiation/maintaining sleep
• narcolepsy, OSA, poor sleep hygiene, allergies, insufficient sleep.

Question 29

Parasomnia

Answer 29

Sleep disorders associated with problems during stages of sleep
-Sleep terrors, sleepwalking (somnambulism), rhythmic movement d/o, sleep talking, nightmares, sleep paralysis, bruxism, enuresis.

Question 30

Theta waves

Answer 30

Stage 1 sleep

nodding off

Question 31

K complexes and sleep spindles

Answer 31

Stage 2 sleep

Question 32

Neurosis

Answer 32

Chronic, nonpsychotic condition characterized by anxiety
-generally do well in life but distressed by sx.
Tx= psychoanalysis and intensive psychodynamic therapy

Question 33

Paraphilia

Answer 33

D/o in which individual primarily seeks sexual gratification through means considered abnormal by society

Question 34

Voyeurism

Answer 34

D/o involves achieving sexual arousal by observing an unsuspecting and nonconsenting person who is underdressing or unclothed, and/or engaged in sexual activity.

Question 35

Sadism

Answer 35

Derive sexual gratification by inflicting pain or emotional abuse onto others

Question 36

Masochism

Answer 36

Sexual gratification from being physically or emotionally abused