Definitions Flashcards
(47 cards)
What is internal energy?
Sum of kinetic and potential energies of particles.
What is specific heat capacity?
Energy to raise 1 kg by 1°C.
What is specific latent heat?
Energy to change state of 1 kg.
What is absolute zero?
-273°C; no kinetic energy.
What does Boyle’s Law state?
P ∝ 1/V (at constant T).
What does Charles’ Law state?
V ∝ T (at constant P).
What does the Pressure Law state?
P ∝ T (at constant V).
What is an ideal gas?
Obeys gas laws; no intermolecular forces.
What is a mole?
6.02 × 10²³ particles.
What is molar mass?
Mass of one mole.
What is Brownian motion?
Random movement from collisions.
What is a force field?
Region of non-contact force.
What is gravity?
Attractive force between masses.
What is gravitational field strength?
Force per unit mass.
What does Newton’s Law of Gravitation state?
F ∝ m₁m₂/r².
What is gravitational potential?
Work per unit mass from infinity to a point.
What is gravitational potential difference?
Work per unit mass between points.
What are equipotential surfaces?
Same potential at every point.
What is escape velocity?
Min velocity to leave gravitational field.
What does Kepler’s third law state?
T² ∝ r³.
What is a synchronous orbit?
Satellite period = planet rotation.
What is a geostationary orbit?
Equatorial orbit, 24 hrs, same Earth location.
What does Coulomb’s law state?
F ∝ q₁q₂/r².
What is electric field strength?
Force per unit charge.
