Definitions Flashcards
(24 cards)
Conflict
An in going state of hostility between groups of people. A disagreement caused by the opposition of needs, values, and interests between people. This results in tension between the parties, ranging from a disagreement to armed conflict or war.
Identity
A sense of belonging to a group or area - can be determined by ethnicity, language, and religion
Nationalism
Loyalty and devotion to a nation
Regionalism
Loyalty to a distinct region with a population that shares similarities. This can lead to the development of a political or social system in the area
Localism
An affection for a particular place, often demonstrated in nimbyism
Nimbyism
Occurs when people are reluctant to have their local area affected by development for the national good
Ethnicity
The grouping of people according to their ethnic origins - describes the racial makeup of a population
Culture
The beliefs, social norms, and traits of a racial, religious, or social group.
Ideology
Systematic body of concepts regarding human life or culture. Can result in integrated assertions, theories, and aims that constitute a socio-political programme. E.g. Western views of democracy, opposing to the Taliban
Territory
Geographical area belonging to a governmental authority (eg colonialism). Conflict occurs when there is disputes about who should have authority over the area
Political activity
- expression of conflict
Groups operating democratically within a country who seek to exert a political power through government. They develop a political programme that defines their ideology and sets out their agenda
Terrorism
- expression of conflict
Systematic use of fear among the public as a means to force the authorities into action for a political or ideological end.
Insurrection
- expression of conflict
revolt against a civil authority or government, a rebellion against their rules. People engaging in this are called insurgents, often in guerrilla combat against armed forces
War
A state of open and declared armed hostile conflict between states. The armed forces involved are the main protagonists of the conflict.
Conflict resolution
The means by which a conflict can be brought to an end. The expression of conflict can sometimes lead to its resolution.
Market processes
Used in resolving a local conflict. The ability of the the organisation undertaking the project has more power than local or national concerns. Objectors cannot afford to outbid the developer, so the plans go ahead with minimum consultation
Consultation
An opportunity to voice objections or propose counter arguments - no right of independent arbitration or appeal
Planning processes
Local authority planners:
- listen to the local community - democratic
- listen to the organisation responsible for a proposal
- have overall development control
Planning committees weigh up..
The gains for the proposal against its negative aspects
The conflicts between differing groups within a local community
The wider benefits of a scheme vs the local opposition
Ethnic segregation
The clustering together of people with a similar ethnic/cultural characteristics into separate urban residential areas
Separatism
The attempt by regional groups to gain more political control from central government over the area in which they live. Some groups want total independence
Autonomy
The right to self government
Millennium Development Goals
Aimed at the causes of poverty in order to help to eradicate poverty by 2015
Non violent
- expression of conflict
Statements of discontent made by word, sign, marching, or silent protest.
