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CNA TEST PREP > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

0
Q

Adduction

A

Moving toward the body

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1
Q

Acute

A

Problem that begins rapidly and typically lasts 7-10 days, then the person recovers.

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2
Q

ADL

A

Activities of daily living. Bathing, dressing, grooming, eating, communicating, and moving

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3
Q

Admission

A

Administrative procedure for entering a facility, the opposite of discharge

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4
Q

Advance directives

A

Living will. A legal document used by a resident to communicate their wishes about the care they want if the become incapacitated and cannot make decisions.

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5
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Caused by HIV. Transmitted by contact with blood and other body fluids such as semen and vaginal secretions

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6
Q

Agitation

A

Movements that are irregular, rapid, or violent. State of excitement, often troubled.

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7
Q

Alzheimer’s

A

A progressive, incurable disease that affects the brain and causes memory loss and eventually death

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8
Q

Ambulation

A

Moving about, walking

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9
Q

Amputation

A

Cutting a limb (for example and arm or leg) from the body

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10
Q

Antibiotics

A

Drugs that reduce or kill microorganisms

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11
Q

Anxiety

A

An uneasiness in the mind

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12
Q

Aphasia

A

Condition in which a person has difficulty putting thoughts into words

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13
Q

Arteries

A

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to all parts of the body

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14
Q

Arthritis

A

Joint inflammation that causes pain and limits movement in affected joints

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15
Q

Aspirate

A

To breathe in or draw in by suction

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16
Q

Assault

A

To touch the body of another person without consent

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17
Q

Axillary

A

Armpit

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18
Q

Bacteria

A

One-celled microorganism that may cause infection

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19
Q

Biohazardous

A

Anything that is harmful or potentially harmful to humans or the environment, contaminated material.

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20
Q

Bladder training

A

A care plan to help a resident regain voluntary control of urination.

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21
Q

Blood pressure

A

Pressure of blood in the arteries

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22
Q

Body fluids

A

Natural fluids in the body such as blood, semen, and secretions which may transmit disease.

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23
Q

Body mechanics

A

Principles of using your body efficiently to do something.

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24
Q

BP

A

Blood pressure

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25
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

The stoppage of the heart

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26
Q

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

A

CPR procedure to maintain breathing and circulation in a person experiencing cardiac arrest

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27
Q

Care plan

A

A written, interdisciplinary document developed for each resident, listing the resident’s needs and goals as well as the actions and approaches that staff will take to help the resident meet their goals.

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28
Q

Cataracts

A

Cloudy film that develops on the lens of the eye and reduces sight.

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29
Q

Catheter

A

A small tube used to drain fluid

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30
Q

Cerebral vascular accident

A

CVA condition that occurs when blood flowing to the brain is interrupted, also called stroke

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31
Q

Charge nurse

A

Nurse who has day-to-day responsibility for supervising nurse assistants and resident care.

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32
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Use of chemical agent to treat or control disease

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33
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

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34
Q

Chronic

A

An ongoing illness or condition that does not have a cure, usually a gradual onset, and lasts for a long time

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35
Q

Circulation

A

Flow of blood throughout the body

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36
Q

Circulatory system

A

Body system that includes the heart and blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients to the body and remove carbon dioxide

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37
Q

Clarification

A

Make sure something is understood

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38
Q

Cleaning

A

Free of germs that cause infection or disease

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39
Q

Cognitive impairment

A

Disruption in knowledge, memory, awareness, or judgement.

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40
Q

Communicable

A

Disease that spreads from one person to another

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41
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

Condition that occurs when the heart muscle weakens and the heart becomes ineffective in moving blood through the body

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42
Q

Contamination

A

Impure or unclean

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43
Q

Contracture

A

Deformity caused by a permanent shortening of a muscle or scar tissue

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44
Q

COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chronic inflammatory disease of bronchial passages and lungs, three most common types of disease are bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma

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45
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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46
Q

Cuing

A

Telling of showing a resident the steps in a task

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47
Q

CVA

A

Cerebral vascular accident

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48
Q

Cyanotic

A

Bluish or purplish discoloration of the ski. Caused by deficient oxygenation of the blood

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49
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

Pressure ulcer. An opening, or wound, that appears in pressure areas of skin overlying a bony area in an immobile person

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50
Q

Dehydration

A

A serious condition that can occur if a resident does not have adequate fluid intake.

51
Q

Dementia

A

Loss of mental functions such as memory, thinking, and reasoning

52
Q

Diabetes

A

A common disease involving a problem in the body’s production or use of insulin

53
Q

Dialysis

A

A method used to artificially remove waste from the blood when the kidneys are not functioning well.

54
Q

Diastolic

A

The bottom number in the blood pressure reading, reflects the pressure of blood in vessels when heart is at rest.

55
Q

Dysphasia

A

A condition that causes a problem chewing or swallowing food, liquid, or medication

56
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing

57
Q

Edema

A

Swelling because of fluid gain, most commonly observed in the legs and ankles

58
Q

Elimination

A

Process of ridding the body of urine and stool

59
Q

Emesis

A

Related to vomiting, as in an emesis basin

60
Q

Emesis basin

A

Special basin used to catch vomit

61
Q

Epilepsy

A

Disorder of the nervous system that causes seizures and may also cause a developmental disability

62
Q

Ethics

A

Knowledge, awareness, or study of good and bad, right and wrong, and moral duty

63
Q

Fecal impaction

A

Condition that may occur when constipation is not treated

64
Q

Fowler’s position

A

Sitting upright

65
Q

Gerontology

A

A branch of knowledge dealing with aging

66
Q

Guard belt

A

Gait belt. Used for safety to transfer and ambulate residents

67
Q

Hallucination

A

Seeing or hearing things that are not really there

68
Q

HIPPA

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Law that covers privacy issues related to the resident’s health care, including who has access to information

69
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus, viral infection transmitted by contact with blood and other bodily fluids such as semen and vaginal secretions

70
Q

Hospice

A

Program with specially trained interdisciplinary team that cares for a terminally ill resident who is expected to die within 6 months

71
Q

Hydration

A

Maintaining adequate fluid in the body

72
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Blood sugar level that is too high

73
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure, leading cause of stroke

74
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Blood sugar level that is too low

75
Q

I&O

A

Intake and output

76
Q

Incontinence

A

Inability to hold urine or stool

77
Q

Indwelling catheter

A

A plastic tube inserted into the body to drain fluids

78
Q

Infection

A

Condition produced when an infective agent becomes established in or on a suitable host

79
Q

Infection control

A

Methods used to prevent the transmission of infection

80
Q

Inservice

A

Educational programs taught to staff while on the job

81
Q

Insomnia

A

Inability to sleep enough

82
Q

Insulin

A

Hormone involved in breaking down carbohydrates in the body, it can be given as a shot to control diabetes

83
Q

Integumentary system

A

Body system made up of the skin, nails, and hair

84
Q

Isolation

A

Set apart from others

85
Q

MSDS

A

Material safety data sheet, written information sheets describing chemicals used in a facility

86
Q

Microorganisms

A

Viruses, bacteria, or fungi that cannot be seen with the naked eye; also called germs

87
Q

Mobility

A

Capable of moving or being moved

88
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Progressive disabling disease that affects nerve fibers

89
Q

Musculoskeletal system

A

Body systems made up of bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joints

90
Q

Nasal cannula

A

Two-pronged tube inserted into the nostrils to deliver oxygen

91
Q

Neglect

A

Failure to do something that should have been done

92
Q

Negligence

A

Failure to act in the same way that a reasonable person with the same training would act in the same situation.

93
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Sending and receiving messages without the use of words

94
Q

Objective

A

Information that can be observed, factual, not subjective

95
Q

Ombudsman

A

Person required by law to investigate complaints by residents or other violations of rights

96
Q

Open-ended

A

Questions that encourage residents to talk, rather than questions with yes or no answers

97
Q

Orientation

A

To be shown something new, ability to accurately identify person, place, time

98
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Condition in which bones become weak and brittle due to loss of minerals, especially calcium

99
Q

Ostomy

A

A surgical opening from the intestine to outside the body

100
Q

Palliative

A

Care focuses on comfort and symptom relief rather than cure

101
Q

Paralysis

A

Loss of voluntary movement

102
Q

Paralysis

A

Loss of voluntary movement

103
Q

Parkinson’s

A

Neurological disease that affects motor skills

104
Q

Pathogenic

A

Microorganisms or substances that can produce disease

105
Q

Perineal

A

Area of the body between the anus and the external genitals

106
Q

Plaque

A

Fatty deposits on blood vessel walls

107
Q

Podiatrist

A

Physician specializing in the care and treatment of the feet

108
Q

Positioning

A

an act of placing or arranging

109
Q

Postmortem

A

After death

110
Q

Prosthesis

A

A device that substitutes and functions in the place of a missing body part, such as dentures

111
Q

Psychosocial

A

Involving psychological and social aspects of mental health

112
Q

Radial

A

Inner wrist

113
Q

Range of motion

A

Extent to which a joint can be moved safely

114
Q

Rehabilitation

A

The process of restoring to a former state

115
Q

Respiration

A

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs

116
Q

Respiration

A

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs

117
Q

Restraint

A

Device used to restrict movement

118
Q

Resuscitate

A

To revive from apparent death

119
Q

Sensory system

A

Body system of sense organs that gain information from the world outside the body

120
Q

Sputum

A

Mucus from lungs

121
Q

Sun downing

A

Situation later in the day when a resident may become irritable, combative, tearful, or withdrawn, or wander or become confused

122
Q

Supine

A

Lying on the back

123
Q

Systolic

A

The top number of the blood pressure, reflects pressure in vessels when the heart is beating

124
Q

Tympanic

A

Eardrum

125
Q

Urethra

A

The canal in males and females that carries urine from the bladder; in males also serves as the duct for sperm

CNA TEST PREP (7 decks)

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