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Hematology > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Capillary

A

A minute blood vessel that connects the smallest arteries to the smallest curbs and serves as an oxygen exchange vessel

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2
Q

Cardiopulmonary circulation

A

The system f blood vessels that circulates blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

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3
Q

De oxyhemoglobin

A

The hemoglobin formed when oxyhemoglobin releases oxygen to the tissues

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4
Q

EDTA

A

Ethyleneduamibeterraacetic acid. An anticoagulant commonly used in hematology

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5
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red blood cell

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6
Q

Granulocyte

A

A white blood cell containing granules in the cytoplasm

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7
Q

Hemopoiesis

A

The process of blood cell formation and development

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8
Q

Hemostasis

A

The process of stopping bleeding which includes clot formation and clot dissolution

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9
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cel

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10
Q

Megakaryocyte

A

A large bone marrow fell from which platelets are derived

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11
Q

Oxyhemoglobin

A

The form of hemoglobin that binds and transports oxygen

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12
Q

Plasma

A

The liquid portion of blood on which the blood cells are suspended

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13
Q

Platelet

A

A former element in circulating blood that plays an important role in blood coagulation

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14
Q

Stem cell

A

An undifferentiated cell

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15
Q

Systemic circulation

A

The system of blood vessels that carries blood from the heart to the tissues and back to the heart

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16
Q

Thrombocyte

A

A blood platelet

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17
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A chemical or substance that prevents blood coagulation

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18
Q

Agglutination

A

The clumping or aggregation of particulate antigens result from reaction with specific antibody

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19
Q

Antibody

A

Protein that is induced by and reacts specifically with a foreign substance

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20
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign substance that induces an immune response by causing production of antibodies and or sensitized lymphocytes that Tracy specifically with that substance

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21
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Antibodies.

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22
Q

Immunology

A

The branch of medicine encompassing the study of the immune process and immunity

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23
Q

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

A

A condition in which maternal antibody targets fetal red blood cells for destruction

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24
Q

Anemia

A

A condition in which the red blood cell count or blood hemoglobin level is below normal. A condition resulting in decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

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25
Buffer
A substance that lessens change in the ph of a solution when axis or base is added
26
Cytoplasm
The fluid portion of the cell surrounding the nucleus
27
Eosin
A red orange stain or dye
28
Erythrocytosis
An excess of red blood fells in the peripheral blood. Sometimes called polycythemia
29
Fixative
A preservative
30
Hemolysis
The rupture or destruction of red blood cells resulting in the release of hemoglobin
31
Isotonic solution
A solution with the same concentration of dissolved particles as the solution or cell with which it is compared
32
Leukocytosis
Increase above normal in the number of leukocyte son the blood
33
Leukopenia
Decrease below normal in the number of leukocytes in the blood
34
Methylene blue
A blue stain or dye
35
Morphology
The form and structure of cells tissues and organs
36
Nucleus
The central structure of a cell that contains DNA and controls cell growth and function
37
Polychromatic
Having many colors
38
Thrombocytopenia
Abnormally low number of platelets in the blood
39
Thrombocytosis
Abnormally high number of platelets in the blood. Thrombocythemia
40
Acute phase proteins
Proteins that increase rapidly in plasma during acute infection, during inflammation of following tissue injury
41
Aggregate
The total substances making up a mass. A cluster or clump of particles
42
Inflammation
A nonspecific protective response to tissue injury that is initiated primarily by the release of chemicals such as histamine and serotonin and the actions of phagocytic cells
43
Polycythemia
An excess of red blood cells in the peripheral blood
44
Rouleaux
A group of red blood cells arranged like a roll of coins
45
Sedimentation
The process of solid particles settling to the bottom of a liquid
46
Epstein barr virus
A virus that infects lymphocytes and is the cashed of infectious mononucleosis
47
Heterophile antibodies
A group of multi specific antibodies that are increased in infectious mononucleosis and that rest with heterogenous antigens not responsible for their production
48
Lymphocytosis
An increase above the normal number of lymphocytes in the blood
49
Electrolyte
The cations and anions important in maintaining fluid and acid base balance
50
Fluorescent
Having the property of one wavelength when exposed to the light of another wavelength
51
Histogram.
A graph that illustrates the size and frequency of occurrence of articles being studied
52
Impedance
Resistance in an electrical circuit
53
Index of refraction
The ratio of the velocity of light in one medium to its velocity in another material
54
Laser
A narrow intense beam of light of only one wavelength going in only one direction
55
Mean cell hemoglobin
Average red blood cell hemoglobin expressed in picograms
56
Mean cell hemoglobin concentration
Comparison of the weight of hemoglobin in a red blood cell to the size of the red blood cell expressed in percentage of grams per deciliter
57
Mean cell volume
average red blood cell volume in a blood sample expressed in femtoliters of cubic microns
58
RBC indices
Calculated values that compare the size and hemoglobin content of red blood cells in a blood sample to reference values
59
Adhesion
The act of two parts or surfaces sticking together
60
Coumadin
An anticoagulant derived from counmarin that is administered orally to prevent blood clotting
61
Prothrombin time test
A coagulation screening test used to monitor oral anticoagulant therapy
62
Partial thromboplastin
The lipid formation of thromboplastin available as a commercial preparation
63
Adhesion
The act of two parts or surfaces sticking together
64
Aggregation
The collecting of separate objects into one mass
65
Coagulation
The process of for ninth w fibrin clot
66
Coagulation factors
A group of plasma proteins involved in blood clotting
67
Collagen
A protein connective tissue found in skin bone ligaments and cartilage
68
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
A hemostasis emergency characterized by wide spread circulatory thrombotic events coexisting with fibrinolytic events
69
Endothelium
The layer of epithelial cells that lines blood vessels and the serous cavities of the body
70
Fibrin
A protein formed from fibrinogen by the action of thrombin
71
Fibrinogen
A plasma protein produced in the liver and converted to fibrin through the Adrian or thrombin
72
Fibrinolysis
Enzymatic breakdown of a blood clot
73
Hemophilia
A bleeding disorder resulting from a hereditary coagulation factor deficiency or dysfunction
74
Petechiae
Small purplish hemorrhagic spots on the skin
75
Plasmid
An enzyme that binds to fibrin and initiates breakdown of the fibrin clot
76
Plasminogen
The inactive precursor of plasmin
77
Prothrombin
The precursor of thrombin. Factor II
78
Thrombin
A protein formed from prothrombin by the action of thromboplastin and other factors in the presence of calcium ions
79
Thromboplastin
A lipoprotein found in endothelium and other tissue. Factor III
80
Enzyme
A protein that causes or accelerates changes in other substances without being changed itself

Hematology (5 decks)

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