Definitions Flashcards
(17 cards)
1
Q
Miltiades
A
Athenian military strategist
- led Athenians into victory over Persia at the Battle of Marathon
- created plan to deal with length of Persian line, arches, outnumbered by 4,000 with no help/resources from the Spartans
2
Q
Hippias
A
Tyrant of Athens
- executed people who killed his brother and became a cruel/bitter ruler
- at the battle of Marathon, Hippias advised the landing where the Athenian army won a decisive victory
- surrenders to Sparta
3
Q
Cleisthenes
A
Athenian Politician
- wants Athens to be democratic (considered to be the founder of athenian democracy)
- created the idea of basing individual political responsibility on citizenship of a place rather than on membership of a clan
- extended the franchise to vote not only to clansmen but also to members of guilds, who had inferior rights
- set up a council of 500 people to make government less unwieldy
4
Q
Darius I
A
King of Persia
- ruled all the cities in Asia Minor (present day Turkey)
- tricked athenians into loyalty by making them bring him soil and water
- led Ionian revolt
- army defeated in Marathon
5
Q
Darius III
A
King of Persia
*general in battle of Gaugamela in which he was defeated by Alexander the Great so he fled
6
Q
Parmenion
A
Macedonian General
- under the service of Philip II and then Alexander the Great
- fought in battles against the Persian Empire, including Gaugamela and Babylon
- successful in conquering much of Asia, but then falsely accused of treason and killed
7
Q
Mago Barca
A
Carthaginian General
- brother of Hannibal
- commander of Hannibal’s army in the 2nd Punic War
- fought next to Hannibal in the battle of Cannae and won
8
Q
Hasdrubal Barca
A
Carthaginian General
- brother of Hannibal
- crossed river Ebro which started the 2nd Punic War
- helped Hannibal fight in the battle of Cannae and won
9
Q
Artapharenes
A
Persia
- brother of Darius I (King of Persia)
- created idea to trick Athen’s into swearing loyalty by bringing sand and water
10
Q
Aristagoras
A
Leader of Miletus and Reporter to Darius I
- assumed leadership from his father-in-law, Histaeus, who had lost the trust of the Persian emperor, Darius I
- lead Ionian revolt against Persia
11
Q
Datis
A
Persian General
*led Persians in the Battle of Marathon
12
Q
Ionia
A
Present Day Turkey
- place where there was a huge gathering of Greeks
- Ionian revolt was the beginning of Greco-Persian wars
- 499 - 493 BC there was an uprising between Greek city states of Asia Minor and Persian Rule
13
Q
Battle of Lake Trasimene
A
Hannibal Vs. Romans
*Hannibal was outnumbered, but the highground gave him an advantage and he pushed the Romans into the lake
14
Q
Battle of the Trebia River
A
Carthage Vs. Rome
- located in northern Italy
- first big battle between Carthage and Rome
- Hannibal’s troops were fed, dry and well rested
- Romans were hungry, wet, and cold
- Romans were surrounded by the Carthaginian army
15
Q
Hundred Years War
A
- early 1300s
- series of battles to see how much of France will be ruled by England
- used mix of sieges and field battles
- weapons were evolved during the war
16
Q
Medieval French Warfare
A
- used trebuchet (weapon used to launch stones)
- took villages
- knights had full armor allowing for better protection, but blocked visibility
- King Phillip was ruler
17
Q
Medieval English Warfare
A
- used the English longbow - allowed for more impact at a farther range
- chain mail (armor made up of small metal rings linked together)
- used horses and calvary
- Edward II was ruler
