Definitions Flashcards
(24 cards)
Family
groups of related people, bound by connections that are biological, legal, or emotional.
Institutional arena
a social space in which relations between people in common positions are governed by accepted rules of interaction.
Consensus perspective
a perspective that projects an image of society as the collective expression of shared norms and values
Conflict perspective
the view that opposition and conflict define a given society and are necessary for social evolution
Feminism
a theory that seeks to understand and ultimately reduce inequality between men and women.
Structural functionalism
theory assumes that there is a good reason for things to be the way they are and tries to explain them based on this premise.
Exchange theory
the theory that individuals or groups with different resources, strengths, and weaknesses enter into mutual relationships to maximize their own gains.
Modernity theory
a theory of the historical emergence of the individual as an actor in society and how individuality changed personal and institutional relations.
Companionate marriage
a view of marriage as a companionship, a friendship, and a romance, rather than as a practical platform for cooperation and survival.
Ethnicity
a group of people with a common cultural identification, based on a combination of language, religion, ancestral origin, or traditional practices.
Racial ethnicity
an ethnic group perceived to share physical characteristics.
Acculturation
the acquisition of a new culture and language
Assimilation
the gradual reduction of ethnic distinction between immigrants and the mainstream society.
Division of labor
the social process of determining who does what work and for what rewards.
Social capital
the access to resources one has by virtue of relationships and connections within a social network.
Social mobility
the movement, up or down, between social classes
Exploitation
the process by which the labor of some produces wealth that is controlled by others
Coverture
a legal doctrine that lasted until the late 19th century, under which wives were incorporated into their husbands’ citizenship.
Courtship
the mate selection process in which couples begin a relationship with supervised contact in public, then proceed to additional dates in the woman’s home and then to marriage if the parents approve.
Sex vs. Gender
Sex: ones biological category based on anatomy and physiology
Gender: the social realization of biological sex
Socialization
the process by which individuals internalize elements of the social structure, making those elements part of their own personality.
War Brides Act
(1945) US military men married local woman from Europe and Asia and the act permitted the immigration of their wives and children and later extended to Korean wives of US soldiers in the Korean war.
Amendments to the immigration and nationality act:
these amendments lifted restrictions on the immigration of spouses, children and parents of US citizens. Ended the country-based quota system.
Wong Kim Ark
He was born in San Francisco and attempted to visit his parents in China. On his return back the Chinese Exclusion act declared that he could be a citizen because his parents were Chinese. In the end the US Supreme Court sided with him and declared his citizenship by birth
