Definitions Flashcards
(42 cards)
What does PIES stand for?
Physical development
Intellectual development
Emotional development
Social development
All four types of development are interrelated and affect each other.
What are fine motor skills? Give examples.
Fine motor skills are small movements — such as picking up small objects and holding a spoon — that use the small muscles of the fingers, toes, wrists, lips, and tongue.
What are gross motor skills? Give examples.
Gross motor skills are the bigger movements — such as rolling over and sitting — that use the large muscles in the arms, legs, torso, and feet.
What is individual human development?
The series of orderly, predictable changes that occur from conception until death. Development can be physical, social, emotional or intellectual.
What is physical development? Give examples.
Changes to the body and its systems. These can be changes in size (growth), complexity (the increase in complexity of the nervous system) and motor skills (learning to walk).
What is intellectual development? Give examples.
The development of processes in the brain such as thought, knowledge and memory.
What is emotional development? Give examples.
The development of the full range of emotions and the optimal way of dealing with and expressing them.
What is social development? Give examples.
The increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people.
What age group is youth?
Youth starts at 12 years of age and continues until 18. The youth stage is characterised by rapid growth, increase independence and sexual maturity.
What is concrete thought?
A simple thought process that centres on objects and the physical environment.
What is abstract thought?
Abstract thought is a complex thought process where ideas are the focus rather than tangible objects.
What is an adolescent growth spurt?
Adolescent growth spurt is a period of rapid physical growth experienced during puberty. For girls this time is between the age of 10 and 13 and boys this time is between the age of 12 and 15 years old. This usually takes around 2 to 3 years.
What are biological determinants? Give examples.
Biological determinants are factors relating to the body that affect health (examples: genetics, hormones and body weight).
What is body mass index (BMI)?
Body mass index is a measure of body mass to height, used to ascertain overweight and obesity levels.
What is complexity?
Complexity is the the quality of being intricate or complex.
What are developmental milestones? Give examples.
Developmental milestones are significant skill or event occurring in a persons life: for example, learning to walk, getting a job or having children.
What is fertilisation?
Fertilisation is the point in time where the sperm fertilises the egg, the genetic material fuses and development begins.
What is genetic potential?
Genetic potential is the genetic capabilities and limitations of an individual’s genetic make-up.
What is a hormone?
Hormone’s are chemical messengers that result in changes in the body.
What is a menarch?
Menarch is the first occurrence of menstruation in females.
What is menstruation?
Menstruation is the discharge of blood and other tissue from the uterus that marks the beginning of the menstruation cycle.
What a primary sex characteristics? Give examples.
Primary sex characteristics a body parts that are directly involved in reproduction and form what we are commonly referred to genitals and organs of reproduction.
What is puberty?
Biological changes that occur during youth and prepare the individual for sexual reproduction.
What are secondary sex characteristics?
Secondary sex characteristics are traits arising from changes in males and females at puberty. They are neither directly related to reproduction nor present at birth.
