Definitions Flashcards
(37 cards)
health
a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
disease
Product of a causative agent (pathogen)
illness
Subjective experience
‘Patient’s Perspective’
sickness
Social (i.e collective) experience of the absence of health.
changes across time and different cultures
3 definitions of a family
People who live together (= household)
A group of people related by blood or marriage
The ‘basic unit of society’
3 types of family
The Nuclear Family
The Extended Family
The Post-modern Family
SEADS critical thinking framework
Source Evidence Assumptions Definitions Slant
3 sectors of health
1) Popular = thoroughly integrated into day-to-day life and interaction
2) Folk = may well involve payment, regulation, training etc. overlap with professional
3) Professional = whether or not private or public, free at point of access
4 models of doctor-patient relationship
1) Default
2) Paternalistic
3) Consumeristic
4) Mutualistic
Default
Dr control = Low
Patient control = Low
Paternalistic
Dr control = High
Patient control = Low
Consumeristic
Dr control = Low
Patient control = High
Mutualistic
Dr control = High
Patient control= High
Biomedical ethics
1) Autonomy
2) Non-maleficence
3) Beneficence
4) Justice
Prognosis
assessment of the probable future course(s) and outcome(s) for a patient
Observational studies
no intervention is made
events in their natural settings
Cohort study
identification of a group of patients who have the initial characteristic under study
but do not have the outcome of interest
the investigator then measures a variety of variables that might be relevant to the development of the condition.
Prognostic studies - Survival time
time elapsed without occurrence / recurrence
Diagnosis
process of identifying the presence of disease
Reference standard
“gold standard” which is accepted as confirming whether a condition exists or not.
Sensitivity
The proportion of people with disease who have a positive test
Specificity
The proportion of people who are free of disease who have a negative test
Positive Predictive Value
The proportion of people with a positive test who have disease
Negative Predictive Value
The proportion of people with a negative test who are free of disease
