Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OS1 Exam 1 > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

TART

A

Tissue Texture Changes
Asymmetry
Restricted Motion
Tenderness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Observation-Normal and Abnormal

A

Ears (External Auditory Canal)–>Shoulders (Acromion Process)–>Greater Trochanter–>Feet (Anterior Medial Malleolus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Somatic Dysfunction

A

Impaired or altered function of relevant components of the Somatic System. Includes Skeletal, Arthroidal, and Myofascial structures and the relevant vascular , Lymphatic, and neural elements.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define Dorsum, and the advantage of Dorsum palpation

A

Dorsum: back of hand Advantage: temperature sensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Components of a SOAP note

A

Subjective: report of a patient’s present chief complaint
Objective: Clinical findings of a patient’s present chief complaint upon examination
Assessment: Brief Description of a patient’s symptoms as well as a differential diagnosis
Plan: A course of action determined by the physician

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Active Range of Motion (AROM)

A

The extent of motion that a patient can move through unassisted. Patient must give maximum effort!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Passive Range of Motion (PROM)

A

The extent of motion that a patient can move through with the physicians assistance. Patient must be fully relaxed and physician must block linkages, (stablilzation of associated and adjacent structures to limit motion to only the joint(s) being assessed).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

AT Still’s Birthday

A

Born August 6, 1828 in Lee County, Virginia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How he learned anatomy

A

1855 began studying anatomy on Native American cadavers after obtaining tribal permission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What major battle of the Civil War did AT Still fight in?

A

The Battle of Westport (1864)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When AT Still “Flung the banner of Osteopathy to the breeze”

A

10 AM on June 22, 1874

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

1st Osteopathic Prinicple

A

The body is a unit; the person is a unit

of body, mind, and spirit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2nd Osteopathic Principle

A

The body is capable of self regulation,

self healing, and health maintenance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

3rd Osteopathic Principle

A

Structure and function are

reciprocally interrelated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

4th Osteopathic Principle

A 
Rational treatment is based on an
understanding of the basic principles of
body unity, self regulation, and the
interrelationship of structure and
function.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

AT Still’s Father

A

A physician and minister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Allopathic vs. Osteopathic

A

Osteopathic Medicine treats the host

Allopathic Medicine treats the disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

First and Final States to grant licensure to DO’s

A

First: Vermont 1896
Last: Mississippi 1973

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

California Incident

A

In 1961, California referendum prohibited the granting new licenses to DOs. DOs could take a course over
12 Saturdays to earn an MD and this cost $65. 85% of DOs in the state chose to do this. College of Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons was converted into an Allopathic Institution, and Proposition 22 passed which abolished the Osteopathic licensing board. This was resolved in 1974 when the California Supreme Court overturned these decisions. This series of events served as a catalyst for attaining full rights in all 50 states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Dr. Abraham Flexner

A

Inspected all medical schools (MD and DO alike). Very critical of both types of schools. Suggested clinical rotations.
Many schools were closed, and state licensing boards implemented strict regulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Founding of the American Osteopathic Association (AOA)

A

began in 1901

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

1916

A

AOA revoked ban on teaching pharmacology at DO schools

Kansas City College of Osteopathy and Surgery established by A.A. Kaiser DO, and George Conley DO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

1917-1918

A

Spanish Influenza casualties exceeded 100 million

Osteopathic Death rate - 0.25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

1922

A

AMA declares it unethical for MDs to

associate with DOs, labeled them “cult”

25
Q

1929

A

AOA allows teaching of
pharmacology under “Comparative
Therapeutics”

26
Q

DO’s in the Military: 1917

A

attempt to get federal recognition and rights to serve in the military. Was supported by President Roosevelt, but MD’s threatened to withdraw if DO’s were accepted.

27
Q

DO’s in the Military: 1941

A

DO’s still not allowed to serve despite the shortage of MD’s during WW2. DO’s had to create their own hospitals because they weren’t given practicing privileges at other hospitals.

28
Q

DO’s in the Military: 1957

A

Congress legalizes DOs to serve in civil service and armed forces (40 years after the initial effort began)

29
Q

DO’s in the Military: 1963

A

DO’s officially recognized as equal to MDs

30
Q

DO’s in the Military: 1966

A

Secretary of Defense instructs Army, Navy, and Air Force to accept DOs that volunteer as officers.
Harry J. Walter was first commissioned DO into the armed forces.

31
Q

DO’s in the Military: 1996-2000

A

Past Surgeon General of the Army: Lieutenant General Ronald R. Blank DO

32
Q

Women in Osteopathy: 1892

A

1892: AT Still supported equality for Women in Medicine. One of the first 5 DO’s was his daughter Blanche.
Jeanette Bolles DO was the first to receive DO degree

33
Q

Women in Osteopathy: Louisa Burns

A
  • 1870-1958–> a teacher from Indiana
  • Had spinal meningitis, which she successfully treated with Osteopathy
  • Using histology, she postulated the connective tissue model of somatic dysfunction
  • The Louisa Burns award for research still exists
34
Q

Women in Osteopathy: Mamie Johnston

A
  • 1889-1986
  • First female graduate from KCU in 1917
  • joined the KCU faculty in 1919
  • taught gynecology and pediatrics. Retired at 92
  • KC campus has a science hall named after her
35
Q

Women in Osteopathy: Barbara Ross-Lee

A

-First Female Dean of a medical college (MD OR DO) At Ohio University
-First osteopathic physician to win Robert Wood
Johnson Health Policy Fellowship

36
Q

Women in Osteopathy: Progression

A
  • 1940’s 5% of applicants to osteopathic colleges
  • As of 2007 more women than men graduate from osteopathic medical school (51%-49%)
  • 56% of DO’s in active practice in the past ten years are women
37
Q

Minorities in Osteopathy: general statistics

A 
-1998 25% of total enrollment in
osteopathic medical schools were
minorities
-2009-2010 40% of osteopathic
medical student enrollees minority
38
Q

Minorities in Osteopathy: Marcelino Oliva 1935-2011

A
  • Cuban born
  • KCU grad
  • First minority AOA president in 1988-1989
39
Q

Minorities in Osteopathy: William G. Anderson (1927-present)

A
  • Big in the Civil Rights Movement
  • AOA president 1994-1995
  • AOA board of trustees for 20 years
40
Q
  • Tenderness
  • Tissue contraction
  • Vasodilation
  • Erythema
  • Edema
  • Pain (sharp, severe, cutting)
  • Muscle spasm
  • Increase in muscle tone (hypertonic)
A

Acute Somatic Dysfunction

41
Q 
Tenderness
Tissue contraction
Vasoconstriction
Itching
Fibrosis
Pain (dull, ache)
Paresthesias (tingling, burning, gnawing)
Contracture
Decrease in muscle tone (hypotonic)
A

Chronic Somatic Dysfunction

42
Q

Mesodermal body type

A
  • Muscular or sturdy-average build
  • Features prominent anatomic structures that are derived from Mesoderm (i.e. muscle, average quantity of fat, etc.)
  • Average ROM
43
Q

Ectodermal body type

A
  • Lean and thin body type. Also usually tall
  • Features prominent anatomic structures that are derived from Ectoderm (i.e. Nervous tissue, skin, etc.)
  • Higher than average ROM
44
Q

Endodermal body type

A
  • Obese body type.
  • Lower than average ROM
  • Features prominent anatomic structures that are derived from Endoderm (i.e. excessive fat, GI viscera)
45
Q

Observation of color

A
  • Pale
  • Erythema: red–>edema (inflammation/swelling)
  • Cyanosis: blue–>Reynaud’s Disease (arterial spasms reduce blood flow, lack of O2 to tissues)
  • Jaundice: yellow–>insufficient heme metabolism, cirrhosis
  • Black: necrosis–>tissue death
46
Q

Skin Lesions

A

A: Asymmetry: A line down the middle would not create identical mirror images
B: Border: Is it well defined against skin?
C: Color: Inconsistent or uneven (i.e. color gradient from light brown to black)
D: Diameter: is it greater than 6 mm across in any direction?
E: Evolution: Does the shape, color, symmetry change over time?

47
Q

Anterior View Observational Landmarks

A
  • Eye Level
  • Ear Level
  • Acromion Processes
  • Angle of Clavicles
  • Length of upper limb to end of finger tips, compared to Iliac crests
  • Angle of Rib cage
  • Umbilicus
  • Crest of Ilium (likely requires palpation)
  • Level of Greater Trochanter (requires palaption)
  • Compare symmetry of both upper and lower legs (bilaterally)
  • Patellar Alignment
  • Medial and Lateral Maleoli
48
Q

Posterior View Observational Landmarks

A
  • Carriage of the head
  • Scapular Spine
  • Angle of Scapula
  • Medial border of Scapula
  • Arm Carriage
  • Spinous processes (deviations from midline)
  • Iliac Crest height (requires palpation)
  • PSIS height (requires palpation)
  • Greater Trochanter (requires palpation)
  • Upper and Lower Leg Symmetry
  • Popliteal Line and Space
  • Achilles Tendon
  • Medial and Lateral Maleoli
49
Q

Lateral View Observational Landmarks (Plumb Line)

A

Plumb Line: ears, Acromion process, Greater Trochanter, Medial and Lateral Maleoli

50
Q

Lateral View Observational Landmarks (Spinal Curvatures)

A

Spinal Curvatures: Lordosis (concave Lumbar and Cervical Spine)
Kyphosis: convex Thoracic Spine

51
Q

Illness

A

Host+Disease
While Osteopaths do work to eliminate disease, the primary focus is always the host. This is not necessarily the case for allopaths
Health is not in this paradigm

52
Q

What can be treated by manipulation

A
  • Somatic Dysfunction
  • Chiropractic Subluxation–>results in tissue disruption
  • Joint Lock, Blockage, and Mobility/Motility
  • Minor Intervertebral Damage
53
Q

Somatic Dysfunction

A 
Impaired or altered function of the
somatic (body framework) system:
skeletal, arthrodial, and myofascial
structures; and related vascular,
lymphatic, and neural elements.
54
Q

Application to a systemic disease: Fluid Congestion (venous and lymphatic)

A
  • Delineate drainage pathway
  • Identify potential obstacles in the drainage pathway
  • Suggest Osteopathic techniques for maximizing pathological fluid drainage
55
Q

Application to a systemic disease: Nervous System

A
  • Delineate innervation to the affected area(s)
  • Identify potential obstacles that can change function of innervation
  • suggest Osteopathic Techniques for maximizing the restoration of nervous function
56
Q

Application to a systemic disease: Biomechanical

A
  • Delineate local and regional concerns
  • Find interregional biomechanical concerns
  • Suggest Osteopathic techniques for maximizing restoration of biomechanical function
57
Q

Application to a systemic disease: Visceral

A

-Delineate the peritoneal/ pleural/fascial
elements for the viscus relevant to the
innervation/vascular/lymphatic influences
on the patient problem. Point out the pathway to relevant anatomy.
-Describe what can changes can occur/be made by the relevant anatomy along the pathway of the innervation, vasculature, lymphatic drainage.
-Suggest possible OMM interventions

58
Q

Joint Mobilization Methods

A 
Direct
Indirect
Combined
Physiological
Exaggeration

OS1 Exam 1 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions