Definitions

Question 1

Hallucination

Answer 1

A false sense of perception in the absence of a real external stimulus.
Dx: Auditory: Schizophrenic
Visual: Organic cause

Question 2

Pseudo-halluncination

Answer 2

False sensory perception recognised by the patient not to be the result of an external stimulus.
Dx: Dissociative disorder, Charles Bonnet syndrome

Question 3

Over-valued idea

Answer 3

A form of an abnormal belief

Dx: Psychosis, Neuroses (OCD), behavioural problems

Question 4

Delusions

Answer 4

An abnormal belief which is held with absolute subjective certainty which requires no external proof
Dx: Psychosis, Delusional disorder without hallucinations/thought disorder

Question 5

Delusional perception

Answer 5

A new delusional interpretation is attached to a familiar and real perception without logical reason
Dx: PyPsychosis, Delusional disorder without hallucinations/thought disorder

Question 6

Thought alienation

Answer 6

Delusional belief that ones thoughts are under the control of an outside agency. Includes insertion, withdrawal and broadcast.
Dx: Psychosis

Question 7

Thought insertion

Answer 7

Delusional belief that the thoughts are being put into your mind by an external source
Dx: Psychosis

Question 8

Thought withdrawal

Answer 8

Delusional belief thoughts are being withdrawn by an external agency
Dx: Psychosis

Question 9

Thought broadcast

Answer 9

Delusional belief thoughts are being read by others

Dx: Psychosis

Question 10

Thought echo

Answer 10

Auditory hallucination in which the patient hears his thoughts being spoken aloud. Either simultaneously or moment or two after thinking the
Dx: Psychosis

Question 11

Thought blocking

Answer 11

Sudden interruption in the train of thought , leaving a blank, lack of recall
Dx: Psychosis

Question 12

Formal thought disorder

Answer 12

Different groups of thought disorders, all pathologies of thought
Dx: Psychosis

Question 13

Catatonia

Answer 13

A state of increased muscle tome affecting extension/flexion. Lack of voluntary movement
Dx: psychosis (schizophrenia)
Mood affective disorder (depression)
Neuroses (PTSD)
Drug use/overdose
Organic causes (Encephalitis)

Question 14

Stupor

Answer 14

A condition in which the patient is immobile, mute and unresponsive but appears fully concious

Question 15

Psychomotor retardation

Answer 15

Patient walks and acts slowly, long delay before the questions are answered
Dx: Mood disorder (Depression)

Question 16

Flight of ideas

Answer 16

Speech = stream of accelerated thoughts with abrupt changes from topic to topic and no central direction.
Dx: Hypomania, Mania, bipolar diorder

Question 17

Pressure of speech

Answer 17

Increased quality and rate of speech with is hard to interrupt
Can’t get a word in
Dx: Hypomania, Mania, bipolar diorder

Question 18

Concrete thinking

Answer 18

Lack of abstract thinking

Dx: Organic brain disorder, thought disorder

Question 19

Loosening of association

Answer 19

Loss of normal structure of thinking

Question 20

Circumstantial thinking

Answer 20

Slow thinking involving unnecessary trivial ideas

Dx: thought disorder

Question 21

Perseveration

Answer 21

Repetition of thought or an action

Dx: Dementia

Question 22

Confabulation

Answer 22

Gaps in memory

Dx: Dementia, Alcohol related illness, Korsakoff psychosis (alcohol withdrawal)

Question 23

Somatic passivity

Answer 23

Delusional belief that one is a passive recipient of bodily sensations
Dx: psychosis

Question 24

Made Acts or feeling

Answer 24

Delusional belief that free will have been removed and external agency is controlling ones actions or feelings or impulses
Dx: Psychosis

Question 25

Clouding of consciousness

Answer 25

Drowsy and not reactive to stimuli | Dx: Disturbance of concouisness, Delirium, Alcohol related illness (Wernickes)

Question 26

Anhedonia

Answer 26

Loss of enjoyment in life | Dx Depression

Question 27

Incongruity of effect

Answer 27

Mood doesn't match circumstances | Dx: Depression, mania, bipolar

Question 28

Blunting of effect

Answer 28

Reduced reactivity of mood | Dx: Depression

Question 29

Belle indifference

Answer 29

Lack of concern for disability or the prospect of recovery

Question 30

Depersonalisation

Answer 30

Patient feel her or she is altered in some way | Dx: Dissociative disorder

Question 31

Derealisation

Answer 31

Surroundings do not seem really | Dx: Dissociative disorder

Question 32

Conversion

Answer 32

Development of features suggestive of a physical illness but are attributes to a psychiatric illness or emotional disturbance rather than an organic pathology Dx: Functional paralysis

Question 33

Dissociation

Answer 33

Mechanism whereby psychological processes relating to consciousness are spilt or fragmented Dx: Dissociative disorder

Question 34

Mannerism

Answer 34

Abnormal/bizarre performance of a voluntary goal-directed activity Dx: Schizophrenia motor disturbance

Question 35

Stereotype behaviour

Answer 35

Repeated regular fixed pattern of movement or speech that is not gold directed Dx: Schizophrenia motor disturbance

Question 36

Obsession

Answer 36

Repetitive senseless thoughts Recognised by the patient as being irrational Unsuccessfully resisted Dx: OCD,PTSD,Phobias

Question 37

Compulsion

Answer 37

Repetitive stereotyped seemingly purposeful behaviour that is the motor element of obsessional thoughts Dx: OCD