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Computer Science Grade 11 > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

General purpose machine; programmable; can be given instructions that will be stored and used at a different time; able to process/change the info

A

Computer

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2
Q

A sequence of instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task/series of tasks

A

Program

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3
Q

Composed of hardware and software

A

Computer System

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4
Q

The actual physical parts of a computer

A

Hardware

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5
Q

Program; enables the computer to perform tasks

A

Software

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6
Q

User is able to give the computer info; keyboards, microphone, mouse, webcam, USB, DVD, modem, touchscreen

A

Input devices

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7
Q

Info can be given to the user from the computer; display, speaker, printer, USB, DVD, modem

A

Output Devices

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8
Q

Modulates and demodulates; a device that turns digital data into modulated electrical signals and after transmission the signals are demodulates and received

A

Modem

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9
Q

Any devices that are attached to the box of the computer (input devices included)

A

Peripheral Devices

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10
Q

Classifying Computers by Function

Information Appliances
Embedded
Servers
Workstation

A

Information Appliances - Designed to perform a specific task

Embedded - Computer that is part of another machine
or device

Servers - Computer designed to provide a service

Workstation - Computers intended

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11
Q

Classifying Computers by Size

A

Supercomputer, mainframe, minicomputer, microcomputer, mobile computer

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12
Q

Simple Model of a Computer

A

Input, cpu, output, memory

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13
Q

Subsystem that transports data between components of the computer

A

Bus

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14
Q

CPU in an Extended Computer

A

Control unit (cu) - follows the instructions

Arithmetic logic unit (alu) - does mathematic calculations

Accumulator - has small amount of storage; used by alu, works under cu, advantage b/c of speed

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15
Q

Physical devices used to store programs; can be temporarily or permanently

A

Memory

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16
Q

Physical devices used to store programs

A

Primary Memory

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17
Q

Auxiliary storage, uses input output channels to and transfers data to and from primary memory

A

Secondary Memory

18
Q

RAM; cleared at startup

A

Volatile

19
Q

ROM; contains basic start up info; allows the computer to start

A

Non-Volatile

20
Q

Basic Input/Output System; generates initial screen display, starts running the operation system

A

BIOS

21
Q

Programs that instruct the computer on how to perform basic tasks

  • Controls input of data
  • Manages storage space by keeping track of info
A

System Software

22
Q

System Software Functions

A

Controls input of data, manages storage space by keeping track of info, maintains security, detects equipment failure

23
Q

Types of System Software

A

Operating systems and utility software

24
Q

Operating System Examples

A

Windows, Mac, Linux, IOS

25
Q

Analyzes, configures and maintains computer; anti virus, backup software

A

Utility Software

26
Q

Helps user accomplish specific tasks

-Producing documents, managing finances; Adobe photoshop, media player, Autocad, Instagram

A

Application Software

27
Q

Communicates instructions to a computer; low (machine language) and high level language

A

Programming Language

28
Q

Directly executed by the cpu; sequence of 1s and 0s; only language the computer understand

A

Low Level or Machine Language

29
Q

Disadvantages of Machine Language

A

Tricky to write, follow and debug, easy to make mistakes, different CPUs use different languages

30
Q

Advantage of High Level Language

A

Closer to human language, portable, can run on multiple computers with no modification; C#, Java, Basic

31
Q

Original program in the high level language

A

Source Program

32
Q

Corresponding machine code to a specific source program

A

Object Program

33
Q

Compiler reads the source program and translates it into the corresponding object program

A

Compilation

34
Q

Resulting machine code (compiled file); instructions will be carried out by the CPU

A

Execution

35
Q

Random access memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly

A

RAM

36
Q

Where is “RAM” found

A

Servers, PCs, tablets, smartphones and other devices, such as printers

37
Q

Read-only memory, the permanent part of a computer’s memory. Information stored there can be read but not changed.

A

ROM

38
Q

Where is “ROM” found

A

Used for firmware updates. (Cartridge used with video game consoles, which allows one system to run multiple games)

39
Q

What does && mean?

A

And

40
Q

What does | | mean?

A

Or

41
Q

What does ! mean?

A

Not equal to

Computer Science Grade 11 (1 decks)

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