Definitions Flashcards
Group
A virticle column of the periodic table.
Period
A horizontal row of the periodic table.
Diatomic Molecule
A molecule containing 2 atoms of the same element bonded together.
Electron Configuration
A representation of the electrons in an atom.
Full Electron Configuration
An electron configuration that includes every electron in an atom.
Condensed Electron Configuration
An electron configuration that only states electrons in the highest energy levels, based on the nearest noble gas.
Neutron
A neutral subatomic particle that exists inside the nucleus.
Subatomic Particle
A component that makes up, and exists within, the atom.
Electron
A negatively charged subatomic particle that exists outside of the nucleus.
Electrostatic Force
An attraction between objects of opposing charges.
Melting Point
The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.
Boiling Point
The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas.
Density
How closely packed atoms are arranged; the mass of a substance per unit of volume.
Malleable
Able to be pressed into other shapes.
Metalloid
An element that displays both metallic and non-metalic properties.
Matter
Physical substances that have mass.
Nucleus
The dense structure within the atom.
Protons
A positively charged subatomic particle that exists inside the nucleus.
Atomic Radius
Used to describe the size of an atom, which is measured by halving the distance between the nuclei of adjacent atoms.
Valency
The combining power of an element as determined by the number of electrons in its outer shell.
Ionisation Energy
The energy (in kJ mol -1) required by gaseous atom to remove an electron from that atom.
Electronegativity
The attraction of a positively charged nucleus the negatively charged electrons of a neighbouring atom.
