Definitions Flashcards
(29 cards)
what comes first, the solute or the solvent?
solute, then the solvent
mixture
two substances that are not chemically combined
solution
homogeneous mixtures of two or more substances, all substances are individual molecules or ions
solute
the substance that is dissolved
solvent
the substance that is doing the dissolving
soluble
when a substance is able to dissolve in another substance
insoluble
when a substance is unable to dissolve in another substance
miscible
when two liquids can dissolve with each other
immiscible
when two liquids cannot dissolve with each other
colloidal dispersion
composed of solid, liquid or gas particles dispersed in a continuous state
polar
on end has a partial positive charge and the other end has a partial negative charge (electrons are shared unequally)
non-polar
atoms have the same electronegativity (electrons are shared equally)
homogeneous mixture
particles in a mixture are evenly distributed and cannot be easily separated
heterogeneous mixture
particles in a mixture are not evenly distributed and individual particles are often distinguishable
amalgam
a mixture of mercury and an alloy of tin, silver and copper
tincture
a solution with alcohol as the solvent
electrolyte
a structure that yields ions when dissolved
non-electrolyte
a structure that does not yield ions when dissolved
electronegativity
the ability to attract ions in a bond
saturated
a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute for a certain amount of solvent at a certain temperature
unsaturated
a solution that can hold more solute at a certain temperature
supersaturated
a solution that contains more solute than it normally can contain at a certain temperature, highly unstable
solubility
the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a certain amount of solvent under certain conditions
an increase in temperature means…
an increase in dissolving
