Definitions

Question 1

What are executive processes?

Answer 1

Voluntary behaviour such as decision making, planning, problem-solving, and thinking

Question 2

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

Answer 2

Executive processes, voluntary motor control, cognition, intelligence, attention, language processing and comprehension

Question 3

What is “Participant Expectation?”

Answer 3

When the participant deliberately attempts to give the experimenter what they are looking for.

Question 4

What is the “Screw You Effect”?

Answer 4

When the participant deliberately attempts to give the experimenter the opposite of what they are looking for.

Question 5

What is “Researcher Expectation Bias”?

Answer 5

When the researcher is looking for a specific result amongst a mix of information, and they draw correlations that support their research but are otherwise flawed.

Question 6

What is the Prefrontal cortex most strongly associated with?

Answer 6

Executive processes/actions

Question 7

What is system one thinking?

Answer 7

Thought processes that are instantaneous and driven by prior learning.

Question 8

What is system two thinking?

Answer 8

Slower thought process, driven by deliberation and logic, based on consequence.

Question 9

What does MRI stand for and what does it do?

Answer 9

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and it photographs the brain in a stationary state.

Question 10

What does fMRI stand for and what does it do?

Answer 10

functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and it films and measures brain activity and motion.

Question 11

What is the amygdala responsible for?

Answer 11

Processing emotions and fear based learning.

Question 12

The amygdala “links _______________________”

Answer 12

The amygdala links cognitive information with hypothalamic and brainstem systems that control metabolic responses.

Question 13

This amygdala is part of the _____ system, a set of brain structures mostly responsible for _________

Answer 13

The amygdala is part of the limbic system, a set of brain structures mostly responsible for emotion, behaviour, long term memory and olfaction.

Question 14

What are the three main brain structures in the limbic system?

Answer 14

Amygdala, Hippocampus and Hypothalamus

Question 15

What does vmPFC stand for, and what is it responsible for?

Answer 15

ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex. It’s responsible for retrospective thought and to a degree learning.

Question 16

What controls morality in the brain?

Answer 16

Orbitofrontal cortex

Question 17

How does survival of the fittest relate to behaviour

Answer 17

Behaviour → Helps procreation → Genes Passed on → Biology that helps behaviour also passed on → Offspring show same behaviour

Question 18

What is a neuron?

Answer 18

Chemical messenger of the brain

Question 19

What are the 5 basic parts in most neurons?

Answer 19

Dendrites, Cell Body, Axons, Myelin Sheath, Axon Terminal

Question 20

What do dendrites do?

Answer 20

Receive information from other neurons.

Can also grow new connections - learning

Question 21

What does the cell body do?

Answer 21

Contains the nucleus - primary functioning area.

Receives information from dendrites and passes it on to axons

Question 22

What is the myelin sheath for?

Answer 22

Protecting the axons, and speeding up transmission of messages. Not always present.

Question 23

What do axons do?

Answer 23

Send information from the cell body

Question 24

What does the axon terminal do?

Answer 24

Conducts the messages from the axons to the synapse

Question 25

What is the synaptic cleft?

Answer 25

The gap between an axon terminal and the dendrites is the synaptic cleft.

Question 26

What does ESPS stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 26

Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential. It means that a neurotransmitter will increase the likelihood for a nerve impulse to occur

Question 27

What does ISPS stand for and what does it mean?

Answer 27

Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential. It means that a neurotransmitter will decrease the likelihood for a nerve impulse to occur

Question 28

What are some hormones that also function as neurotransmitters?

Answer 28

Seratonin, Dopamine, Acetycholine

Question 29

What is a nerve impulse?

Answer 29

Any action a nerve is telling you to take

Question 30

What does dopamine (neurotransmitter) do?

Answer 30

Responsible for voluntary movement, attention and learning.

Question 31

What does a lack of dopamine (neurotransmitter) do?

Answer 31

``` Parkinsons. Stooped posture Rigidity Tremors at rest Poor balance Loss of fine movement ```

Question 32

What does seratonin (neurotransmitter) do?

Answer 32

Involved in the regulation of mood, control of eating, sleep cycle and sexual arousal.

Question 33

Lack of seratonin can lead to depression? True or False

Answer 33

True.

Question 34

What is an SSRI? What does it do?

Answer 34

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. It keeps serotonin in the synaptic cleft longer so it has more time to exert an effect.

Question 35

What is an example of an SSRI?

Answer 35

Prozac. People used to take it like viagra.