Definitions and Examples Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is an anastomosis? Give an example.
A surgical connection between two structures. Example: colostomy
What is dual circulation?
Pulmonary circulation = gas exchange
Bronchial circulation = provides oxygenated blood to walls of conducting airways, pulmonary arteries and veins.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
Part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary physiologic processes.
What role does the sympathetic nervous system play?
Fight or flight
What function does the parasympathetic nervous system play?
Rest and digest
What is the somatic nervous system? What does it do?
Subdivision of peripheral nervous system. Allows you to move and control muscles throughout body.
What are afferent neurons?
Sensory neurons
Nerve fibers responsible for bringing sensory information from the outside world into the brain.
What are efferent neurons?
Motor neurons
Nerve fibers responsible for carrying signals from the brain to the peripheral nervous system to initiate an action.
What are dermatomes?
Areas of your skin on your body that rely on specific nerve connections on your spine.
What is parenchyma?
Functional tissue of an organ.
What is a plexus?
An area where various nerves come together, are sorted, and then travel to their respective structures to communicate signals from brain.
What is an aponeurosis? Give an example.
A sheet of pearly white fibrous tissue that takes the place of a tendon in flat muscles having a wide area of attachment. Abdominal aponeurosis = example.
What is portal circulation?
Portal vein drains almost all of the blood from the digestive tract and empties directly into the liver.
What is peristalsis?
Involuntary contraction and relaxation of longitudinal and circular muscles throughout the digestive tract.
List primary sexual characteristics in males.
Enlarging of the penis
Testicle growth
Sperm production
List female primary sexual characteristics.
Growth of uterus and vagina
Ovulation
Menstruation begins
What are primary sex characteristics?
Body structures directly concerned with reproduction
What are secondary sex characteristics? Give examples.
Physical features that allow us to tell males from females. Example: breasts, beards
What is sex? What is gender?
Sex = set of biological attributes in humans and animals.
Gender = the male sex or the female sex, especially when considered with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones, or one of a range of other identities that do not correspond to established ideas of male and female.
What is a fascial compartment? Give an example.
Section within the body that contains muscles and nerves and is surrounded by deep fascia.
Example: anterior compartment of the leg.
What is the gluteal region?
General location of the buttocks.
What are the borders of the gluteal region?
Anterior: pelvic girdle
Superior: Iliac crest
Inferior: gluteal folds
What is the thigh region?
Region of the lower limb located between hip and knee joints.
What is the leg region?
Region of lower limb between the knee and the foot.
