Definitions (Ch 3+4)

Question 1

Nationalist Party

Answer 1

Look to nurture cultural and political identity of their nation

Question 2

Single-issue Parties

Answer 2

Parties that base policy/strategy around one key issue e.g. UKIP and Brexit

Question 3

Two Party system

Answer 3

Where two fairly equally matched parties dominate Parliament, with other parties extremely unlikely of winning an election

Question 4

Multi-Party system

Answer 4

Many parties compete for power fairly equally, which results in many coalition governments

Question 5

Internal party democracy

Answer 5

The methods by which policy is formulated and candidates are selected inside a party

Question 6

Affiliated organisations

Answer 6

Groups that are formally linked to a party but without membership. They can have an impact on candidates chosen and policy

Question 7

Women-only shortlists

Answer 7

Where a constituency party is required to draw up an entirely female shortlist from which their parliamentary candidate will be chosen

Question 8

Short money

Answer 8

Money that is paid to the opposition party by the government to help cover administrative costs to maximise scrutiny

Question 9

Ideology

Answer 9

Coherent set of values/beliefs that guide a party’s actions

Question 10

Policy

Answer 10

Actual strategy proposed by a government to adress a specific issue

Question 11

Political Parties

Answer 11

Groups of like-minded individuals who seek to realise their shared goals

Question 12

Political spectrum

Answer 12

A device by which different parties can be mapped on a graph as a way of comparing ideologies

Question 13

Paternalism

Answer 13

Where power and authority are held centrally but the state cares for the neediest. Associated with One-nation conservatism

Question 14

Conservatism

Answer 14

A loose ideology favouring a pragmatic approach to problems, while seeking to maintain the status quo

Question 15

Monetarism

Answer 15

Controlling money supply as a means of controlling inflation. Associated with Thatcherism

Question 16

Adversarial politics

Answer 16

Instinctive antagonism between main two Westminster parties. Began in 1970s

Question 17

Thatcherism

Answer 17

Combines a free market with mass privatisation of services. Greater emphasis on National sovereignty

Question 18

Socialism

Answer 18

Greater equality and redistribution of wealth. Sceptical of captialism

Question 19

Social democracy

Answer 19

Accepts role of capitalism, but advocates more equitable wealth distribution

Question 20

Old Labour

Answer 20

Refers to the party’s historic commitment to socialism, trade unions and the ‘old working class’. Gradually centralised between 1983 and 1997

Question 21

New Labour

Answer 21

Less powerful role for trade unions and more appealing to middle-class. Lead by Tony Blair

Question 22

Social justice

Answer 22

Goal of greater equality of outcome, rather than just equality of opportunity

Question 23

Classical liberalism

Answer 23

Minimal state intervention, more freedom and increased equality

Question 24

Progressive liberalism

Answer 24

More regulation of the market as well as provision of basic welfare

Question 25

Catch-all Party

Answer 25

A party that attracts voters from all classes, races and ages

Question 26

Manifesto

Answer 26

A set of promises a party sets out before a General Election including policy if they become the next government