Definitions part 1

Question 1

Define property

Answer 1

Property: A property is a measurable characteristic of a system that defines its physical state and behaviour.

The characteristic being measured
(e.g., Temperature, mass, time)

Question 2

A _ is a measurable characteristic of a system that defines its physical state and behaviour.
The characteristic being measured
(e.g., Temperature, mass, time)

Answer 2

property

Question 3

Define dimensions

Answer 3

A measurable extent of a particular kind, such as length, breadth, depth, or height.

The type of the property, described in fundamental terms
(e.g., [L] for length, [M] for mass, [T] for time).

Question 4

A measurable extent of a particular kind, such as length, breadth, depth, or height.
The type of the property, described in fundamental terms
(e.g., [L] for length, [M] for mass, [T] for time).
what is this?

Answer 4

dimensions

Question 5

Define Dimensional homogeneity

Answer 5

Dimensional homogeneity is a concept in physics and engineering that states both sides of an equation must
have the same dimensions and units

Question 6

____ is a concept in physics and engineering that states both sides of an equation must
have the same dimensions and units

Answer 6

Dimensional homogeneity

Question 7

define units

Answer 7

The standard measurement used to quantify dimensions
(e.g., meters for length, kilograms for mass, seconds for time).
The standard measurement used to quantify dimensions.
Units specify how a property is measured or quantified in a specific system of measurement
(e.g., SI units, Imperial units).

Question 8

The standard measurement used to quantify dimensions
(e.g., meters for length, kilograms for mass, seconds for time).
The standard measurement used to quantify dimensions.
_____ specify how a property is measured or
quantified in a specific system of measurement
(e.g., SI units, Imperial units).

Answer 8

units

Question 9

define temp

Answer 9

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

It is a property that quantifies kinetic energy of molecules including their Vibration, rotation, translation.

Question 10

It is a property that quantifies kinetic energy of molecules including their Vibration, rotation, translation.

__ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

Answer 10

temperature

Question 11

define pressure

Answer 11

Pressure: The amount of force exerted on a surface per unit area

P = F/A (Pa)

Question 12

The amount of force exerted on a surface per unit area

P = F/A (Pa)

Answer 12

pressure

Question 13

define hydrostatic pressure

Answer 13

Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid at rest due to the force of gravity. It occurs in any fluid (liquid or gas) when the fluid is stationary. The deeper you go in a fluid, the greater the pressure, because the weight of the fluid above exerts a force on the fluid below.

Question 14

___ __ is the pressure exerted by a fluid at rest due to the force of gravity. It occurs in any fluid (liquid or gas) when the fluid is stationary. The deeper you go in a fluid, the greater the pressure, because the weight of the fluid above exerts a force on the fluid below..

Answer 14

hydrostatic pressure

Question 15

define absolute pressure

Answer 15

Absolute pressure: the actual pressure at a given position measured relative to absolute vacuum (i.e. absolute zero
pressure)

abs = gauge + atmos

Question 16

___ ___ :the actual pressure at a given position measured relative to absolute vacuum (i.e. absolute zero pressure)

Answer 16

absolute pressure

Question 17

define gauge pressure

Answer 17

Gauge pressure: difference between the absolute pressure and the local atmospheric pressure

Question 18

__ __: difference between the absolute pressure and the local atmospheric pressure

Answer 18

gauge pressure

Question 19

define atmospheric pressure

Answer 19

Atmospheric pressure is the force exerted by the weight of the Earth’s
atmosphere on a given area. The standard atmospheric pressure at sea
level is defined as 101.325 kPa

Question 20

__ __ is the force exerted by the weight of the Earth’s atmosphere on a given area. The standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is defined as 101.325 kPa

Answer 20

atmospheric pressure

Question 21

define vacuum pressure

Answer 21

Vacuum pressure refers to pressure measurements that are below the atmospheric pressure. It is subtracted from atmospheric pressure to find the absolute pressure.

Question 22

__ ___ refers to pressure measurements that are below the atmospheric pressure. It is subtracted from atmospheric pressure to find the absolute pressure.

Answer 22

vacuum pressure

Question 23

define density

Answer 23

Density: how much mass there is per volume, p = m/V (kg/m^3)

Question 24

_: how much mass there is per volume, p = m/V (kg/m^3)

Answer 24

density

Question 25

define specific volume

Answer 25

Specific volume: how much volume per unit mass: v=v/m = 1/p (m^3/kg)

Question 26

__ __ : how much volume per unit mass: v=v/m = 1/p (m^3/kg)

Answer 26

specific volume

Question 27

define open system

Answer 27

Open system (or control volume is as it is also known) is a system in which the transfer of mass as well as energy can take place across its boundary. - Boiling water in an open pot: transfer of heat and mass in the form of steam between the pot and surroundings.

Question 28

__ __ / __ __ is a system in which the transfer of mass as well as energy can take place across its boundary.

Answer 28

open system/ control system

Question 29

define a closed system

Answer 29

Closed system: A system in which the transfer of energy (heat/work) takes place but no transfer of mass, for example: - sealed pressure cooker: The water inside may transfer heat, and work is done when the pressure changes, but no steam or water escapes.

Question 30

__ __: A system in which the transfer of energy (heat/work) takes place but no transfer of mass, for example: - Water heated in the closed vessel

Answer 30

closed system

Question 31

define an isolated system

Answer 31

Isolated system: Neither the transfer of mass nor that of energy takes place across its boundary There are no true examples, only idealised ones. Thermos Flask (Idealised): A thermos is designed to minimize heat exchange with its surroundings. It reduces energy transfer but can never be fully isolated since heat slowly leaks over time.

Question 32

__ __: Neither the transfer of mass nor that of energy takes place across its boundary

Answer 32

Isolated system

Question 33

define a process

Answer 33

A process is any change that a system undergoes from one equilibrium state to another

Question 34

A __ is any change that a system undergoes from one equilibrium state to another

Answer 34

a process

Question 35

define a path

Answer 35

A path is the series of states through which a system passes during a process

Question 36

define isothermal

Answer 36

a process at constant temperature

Question 37

define isobaric

Answer 37

a process at constant pressure

Question 38

define isochoric/isometric

Answer 38

a process at constant volume

Question 39

- a process at constant temperature

Answer 39

isothermal

Question 40

- a process at constant pressure

Answer 40

isobaric

Question 41

a process at constant volume

Answer 41

isochoric/isometric

Question 42

define a cycle

Answer 42

A cycle is a process or series of processes that starts and ends at the same state of a system

Question 43

A ___ is a process or series of processes that starts and ends at the same state of a system

Answer 43

a cycle