Definitions Pt3

Question 1

Phospholipids

Answer 1

Part of a cell’s membrane which is made of the biological molecule lipids. The water repelling lipid component allows it to act as a boundary.

Question 2

Hydrophobic

Answer 2

Water fearing. Tail of the phospholipid that repels water, helping it create water boundaries.

Question 3

Hydrophilic

Answer 3

Water loving. Head of the phospholipid that likes water.

Question 4

Protein

Answer 4

An organic molecule made up of amino acids. These determine the future structure and function of a cell and therefore the traits of the organism (hair, nails, skin, etc.)
*Enzymes are a type of these

Question 5

Enzyme

Answer 5

Work on specific areas called substrates to speed up chemical reactions. Work best in a narrow range of conditions (pH and temperature)

Question 6

Transport protein

Answer 6

Proteins embedded in the cell membrane which act as tunnels for molecules to enter and leave the cell.

Question 7

Denature

Answer 7

To change (a protein) by chemical or physical means, such as the action of acid or heat, to cause loss of solubility or biological activity.

Question 8

Active site

Answer 8

The part of the enzyme that interacts with the substrate during catalysis (enzyme breaking apart a substrate)

Question 9

Substrate

Answer 9

The substance being broken down by an enzyme

Question 10

Activation energy

Answer 10

The least amount of energy required to activate atoms or molecules to a state in which they can undergo a chemical reaction