Definitions - Y1 Flashcards
(43 cards)
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releases OH- ions
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mole
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The ability for an atom to attract electrons in a covalent bond.
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Perodicuty
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homologous series
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a series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2
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structural isomers
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Dative covalent
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the electrostatic attraction between two nuclei and a shared pair of electrons which were both donated by one of the atoms
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Average bond enthalpy
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Ionisation energy
The minimum amount of energy required to remove 1 mole of electrons from 1 mole of atoms in the gaseous state.
- Endothermic
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What is successive ionsation.
The removal of more than one electron from the same atom.
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What is meant by enpalthy change of formation
When **1 mole** of **compound** is formed from its **elements** under standard states and conditions.
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Define enpalthy change of reaction
The **enpalthy change** when the number of moles of reactants as specified in the balanced equation **reacts together**
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Define enthalpy change of combustion
When one mole of substance completely burnt in excess oxygen under standard states and conditions
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Define enpalthy change of neutralisation
The enpalthy change when **solutions of an acid and alkali** react together under standard states and conditions to produce 1 mole of water.
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Hydrocarbon
is a compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon only
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Saturated:
Contain single carbon-carbon bonds only
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Unsaturated
Contains a C=C double bond
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Molecular formula
The formula which shows the actual number of each type of atom
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Empirical formula
shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in the compound
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General formula
algebraic formula for a homologous series e.g. CnH2n
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Displayed formula
show all the covalent bonds present in a molecule
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Aliphatic
a compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or
non-aromatic rings
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Alicyclic
an aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with or without side chains
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Aromatic
a compound containing a benzene ring
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When one pole of gaseous ions react to form aqueous ions
