Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry > Defns > Flashcards

Defns Flashcards

1
Q

What does acid Arrhenius mean?

A

Produces h+ ion by disassociation in aqueous solution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does acid Bronsted Lowry mean?

A

Proton donor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does acidic oxide mean?

A

Oxide that lowers the ph in water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Activation energy.

A

Minimum energy required for colliding particles fo react.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is addition polymerisation?

A

Monomers combining to form a large molecule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What’s it adsorption?

A

The method of attachement of gaseous or liquid molecules to a solid surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

A

Instrumental method used to analyse water for heavy metals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons in nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

atomic orbital

A

Region of space surrounding nucleus where electrons normally found.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Atomic radius

A

Half the dust and between the centres of singly bonded atoms of the same element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Atomic sub level

A

A division of a main energy level consisting of one or more orbitals of the same energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Auto ignition

A

Premature ignition

Reduces power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Avogrados law

A

Equal volume of gases contain equal numbers of molecules under same conditions of temperature and pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Base Arrhenius

A

Produces OH- as only anion in aqueous solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Base bronsted lowry

A

Proton acceptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Biochemical oxygen demand

A

Amount of oxygen produced per ppm when a given sample is put in the dark at 20C for 5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bond energy

A

Average amount of energy to break 1 mole of bonds into separate atoms in gaseous state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Boyles law

A

Pressure is inversely proportional to volume for definite mass of a gas at constant temp
PV=K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance that alters the rate of the reaction but is not used ip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Catalytic cracking

A

Splitting of long chain molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Catalytic poison

A

Substance that blocks the active site of the catalyst and stops it from working

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Charles law

A

Volume varies directly with kelvin temperature at constant pressure

P/V =K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chemical Equillibrium

A

Rate of forward reaction is equal to rate of backwards reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Chromatography

A

Separation of a mixture of components based on their relative attractions for a stationary phase while carried by a mobile phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Condensation reaction
Production of a more complex molecule with formation of an unsaturated compound or double bond by the loss of a small molecule
26
Conjugate acid
Produced by a gain of h+ ion
27
Conjugate pair
Acid-base differing by h+ ion
28
Crystals
Regular solids made up of particles with faces inserting at fixed angles or particles in a lattice
29
Dobereniers triads
Elements of similar properties in groups of three
30
Dynamic
Reaction has not stopped
31
Effective collision
One that results in a reaction
32
Electrolysis
Chemical reaction caused by electric current passing through an electrolyte
33
Electronegatovity
Measure of relative attraction for a shared pair of electrons in a covalent bonf
34
Element
Cannot be broken down into anything simpler
35
Energy level
Shell in which electrons of equal energy occupy
36
Eutrophication
Excess plant growth caused by excess nutrients in watwr
37
Excited state
Higher energy level
38
Feedstock
Modified and purified raw mayerials
39
First ionisation energy
Minimum energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from an isolated gaseous atom in its ground state
40
Flocculation
Clumping of suspended solids
41
Gay lussacs law
The volumes of reacting gases are in whole number ratios
42
Greenhouse factor
Effect compared w CO2
43
Greenhouse effect
Blocking the escape of radiation by the atmosphere
44
Greenhouse gas
Atmospheric gas that prevents the escape of heat
45
Ground state
Lowest energy level
46
Half life
Time taken for have the nucleus of a given sample to decay
47
Hard water
Water that doesn’t easily form a lather with soap | Forms a scum with soap
48
Temporary hardness
Removed by boiling | Caused by calcium hydrogen carbonate
49
Hardness
Not removed by boiling | Caused by magnesium chloride
50
Heat of combustion
Heat change when one mole of a substance is burned completely in excess oxygen
51
Heat of formation
Heat change when one mole of compound is formed from it elements in their standard states
52
Heat of reaction
Heat change when the number of moles of the reactants in the balanced equation react completely
53
Heisenburgs uncertainty principle
It is not possible to measure the exact position and velocity of electron at same tome
54
Heterogeneous catalysis
Reactants and catalyst at different phases
55
Homogeneous catalysis
Reactants and catalysts at same lhase
56
Homologous series
Have same general formula Same functional group Each differ by CH2
57
Hydrocarbon
Made of hydrogen and carbon only
58
Ideal gas
A gas that obeys the gas laws at all values of temperature and pressure
59
Immisicble liquids
Do not mix or do not dissolve in eachother
60
Isomers
Same molecular formula different structural formula
61
Isotopes
Atoms of same element with different mass numbers due to different numbers of neutrons
62
Intermolecular
Forces between molecules
63
Intra molecular
Forces between atoms in a molecule
64
Kw
[H+][OH-] or [H3O+][OH-]
65
Le chatelier pronciple
Reactions at equilibrium apposé applied stresses
66
Limiting reacgant
Substance that is totally consumed when the chemical reaction is complete
67
Mole
Contains. The avogrados number 6 x 10^23 particles. | Relative molecular mass in grams
68
Mass number
Number of neutrons and number of protons
69
Nitrogen fixation
Conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to compounds that can be used by plants
70
Octane number
Measure of a fuels tendency to resist knocking
71
Orbital
Region where electrons normally found
72
Oxidation
Loss of electrons | Increase in oxidation number
73
Ph
-log 10 h3O+
74
PI bond
side on overlap of p orbitals
75
Primary standard
``` A solution of known concentration Pure Stable Very soluble Higher molecular mass ```
76
Primary sewage treatment
Removal of solids by screening and sedimentayikn
77
Radioactivity
Spontaneous breaking up of an unstable nucleus with the emission of one or more types of electrons
78
Rate of chemical reaction
Concentration per unit tome
79
Reduction
Gain of an electron | Loss in oxidation number
80
Relative atomic mass
Average mass of atoms of element relative to 1/12 of the mass of a carbon 12 atom
81
Reversible
Can go in both directions
82
Scrubbing
Removal of pollutants from industrial chimney gases
83
Secondary treatment
The removal of suspended solids by screening and sedimentation and then by Biological oxidation of microorganisms
84
Sigma bond
Head on overlap of orbitals
85
Standardised
Concentration got by titration
86
Sting acid
Good proton donor
87
Strong acid Arrhenius
Dissociated fully in aqueous solution
88
Structural isomer
Same molecular formula but different structural formula
89
Sub level
Subdivision of a main energy level consisting of one or more orbitals of the same energy
90
Tertiary treatment
Removal of phosphates and nitrates
91
Unsaturated
Contains one or more double or triple carbon to carbon bond
92
Volatile
Easily vapourised
93
Weak acid
Poor proton donor
94
Weak acid Arrhenius
Does not dissociate filly in aqueous solution

Chemistry (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions