Del Paine Final Exam Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are the 8 infections of the gastrourinary system?
(1) pyelonephritis
(2) cystitis
(3) prostatitis
(4) urethritis
(5) balanitis
(6) cervicitis
(7) tubo-ovarian infection
(8) adrenal gland
What are the 6 categories of diseases of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder?
(1) infection
(2) obstruction
(3) cancer
(4) incontinence
(5) renal failure
(6) interstitial cystitis
What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis?
(1) fever
(2) pain
(3) dysuria
(4) frequency
(5) urgency
(6) back ache (maybe)
Is pyelonephritis more common in men or women?
Women
What are the symptoms of cystitis?
(1) frequency
(2) urgency
(3) small urine volume
(4) dysuria
(5) pyuria
(6) low back pain > sacrum
What are the symptoms of prostatitis, urethritis or balanitis?
(1) burning on urination
(2) decreased stream
(3) chlamydia/gonorrhea
(4) balanitis > head of the penis will be a syphlitic chancre
What are 6 STDs?
(1) gonorrhea
(2) syphilis
(3) chlamydia
(4) papilloma virus
(5) HIV I and II
(6) Hep C
What is the only symptom of cervicitis?
It usually is asymptomatic but there might be pain upon intercourse
What are the 5 different obstructions of the genitourinary system?
(1) stones
(2) scars
(3) congenital
(4) BPH
(5) cancer
Who is more likely to have stones?
Caucasians
What % of the population will be affected by stones?
5%
What is a common sign of stones?
Painless blood in the urine… Unless the stone is associated with infection or obstruction
What is the symptom of prostate cancer?
Nocturia
Bye age 70, what % of men will have some sort if cancer of the prostate?
50%
What is endometriosis?
Part of the endometrium of the uterus escapes and implants itself on other organs resulting in abdominal pain during menses
What is the age range where testicular cancer is most common?
15 to 34
What are the two types of testicular cancer? What are the cure rates for each?
Seminoma > 95% cure rate
Germ cell > cure rate 65%
What is the definition of acute renal failure?
GFR <10 mL/min
What are the 3 types of acute renal failure?
Pre-renal> i.e. you bled too much, you will recover
Intrinsic renal disease > your kidney had a problem and then a second factor (infection) caused it to stop working
Obstructive (post renal)
What are the 4 causes of pre-renal azotemia?
(1) hypovolemia > burns, hemorrhage, dehydration
(2) low cardiac output
(3) altered renal vascular resistance > decreased via sepsis or anaphylaxis; increased via drugs or cirrhosis
(4) hyper viscosity
What are the six causes of intrinsic ARF?
(1) Renal artery or vein obstruction
(2) glomerulonephritis
(3) ischemia
(4) toxins: contrast, amino glycosides, chemo, antifreeze, Tylenol
(5) interstitial: allergic, infection, infiltrative
(6) graft rejection
Where can post renal ARF occur? (3)
(1) ureter
(2) bladder neck
(3) urethra
What is the definition of chronic renal failure?
When GRF decreases to less than 30mL/min
What are the two main causes of CRF?
Diabetes and hypertension
