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Wolff Crosswords > Dementia & Pain > Flashcards

Dementia & Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What is Naproxen?

A

reversible non selective NSAID w/ longer 1/2 time that permits 1x/day dosing

for pts w/ CV issues

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2
Q

What are paresthesias?

A

abnormal sensation (numbness, pins & needles)

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3
Q

What do IV opioids, alpha2 agonists and general anesthetics module?

A

perception of pain

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4
Q

What is ziconotide?

A

last resort drug that blocks N-type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels on afferent nerves in dorsal horn

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5
Q

MOA of ketamine

A

noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist

IV anesthesia, lower doses for chronic pain

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6
Q

MOA of lasmiditan

A

5HT1F agonist to tx migraines & decrease trigeminal stimulation (w/o vasoconstriction)

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7
Q

What lethal effect caused by acetaminophen OD?

A

hepatotoxicity

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8
Q

MOA of aspirin

A

NSAID that irreversibly inhibits COX1, COX2, for lifetime in platelets

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9
Q

What is dysesthesia?

A

unpleasant abnormal sensation

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10
Q

MOA of ibuprofen

A

reversible NSAID

increase risk of MI, stroke

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11
Q

What risk increased w/ aspirin & warfarin use?

A

risk of BLEEDING

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12
Q

MOA of pregabalin

A

inhibits NT release @ nerve terminals

neuropathic pain (DM neuropathy, SC injury, postherpetic neuralgia)

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13
Q

MOA of donepezil

A

reversible noncompetitive inhibitor of AChE

prolongs signaling of ACh in synaptic cleft

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14
Q

What is hypoalgesia?

A

diminished response to normally painful stimulus

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15
Q

MOA of acetaminophen

A

NO tx of inflammation

monotherapy for fever reduction

temporary relief of mild to moderate pain

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16
Q

What is potentially lethal consequence of aspirin toxicity?

A

metabolic acidosis

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17
Q

MOA of dexmedetomidine

A

selective A2 receptor agonist

IV for sedation, analgesia

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18
Q

MOA of capsaicin

A

stimulates TRPV1 receptors

depletes substance P from neurons tx nociceptive & neuropathic pain

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19
Q

What is added to acetaminophen to extend its utility in management of moderate to severe pain?

A

opioids (stimulate mu receptors)

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20
Q

What is cardiac effect of donepezil?

A

QT prolongation

can lead to Torsades

21
Q

MOA of celecoxib

A

COX2 selective inhibitor

acute pain & inflammation

serious risk of thrombotic events

22
Q

MOA of sumatriptan

A

selective 5HT1B, D agonist

tx mod to severe migraines by decrease neurogenic inflam

23
Q

MOA of lasmiditan

A

5HT1F agonist

tx of migraine

24
Q

What is an important mediator of sensory pain?

A

substance P (from terminals of sensory nerves in response to noxious stimuli)

25
Q

What drug class used off-label to tx many forms of dementia besides Alzheimers?

A

AChE inhibitor

26
Q

What tract is the ascending pain pathway?

A

spinothalamic tract

27
Q

What are common indications for NSAIDs?

A

HA, fever, menstrual pain

28
Q

MOA of gabapentin

A

binds A2D subunit of Ca2+ channels to modulate Ca2+ influx

29
Q

Level of what can increase in serum w/ NSAID use?

A

serum Cr (esp if low GFR)

30
Q

MOA of tapentadol

A

moderate to strong mu agonist, blocks NE reuptake

tx pain

31
Q

MOA of galantamine

A

AChE inhibitor

tx dementia

32
Q

What is a common clinical problem in pts w/ advanced dementia?

A

recurrent infection

33
Q

What are triptans?

A

5HT agonists used to tx HA

AE of QT prolong, coronary vasospasm (MI, stroke)

34
Q

What sxs are worsened by donepezil?

A

bradycardia

bronchoconstriction

35
Q

MOA of dihydroergotamine

A

ergot alkaloid derivative

binds to vasoconstrictive receptors to tx migraine

36
Q

Role of PGEs

A

mediators of pain sensation by nociceptors

cause sxs of inflammation

37
Q

What drug causes salicylism?

A

aspirin

tinnitus, N/V

38
Q

MOA of tramadol

A

partial agonist @ mu opioid receptors & blocks NE/5HT reuptake

used for pain relief

39
Q

What drugs have limited efficacy & increased mortality in pts w/ dementia?

A

anti psychotic agents

40
Q

What is neuropathic pain?

A

pain due to abnormal neural activity from disease, injury, or dysfxn of nervous system

41
Q

MOA of rivastigmine

A

AChE inhibitor for dementia

TRANSDERMAL PATCH

42
Q

MOA of memantine

A

blocks excessive glutamate (excitatory) activity thought to contribute to Alzheimer dz progression

43
Q

MOA of duloxetine

A

SNRI

tx neuropathic pain (fibromyalgia, DM, chemotherapy)

44
Q

MOA of amitriptyline

A

TCA for neuropathic pain

45
Q

What is black box concern for NSAID use by pregnant Fs?

A

oligohydramnios

46
Q

MOA of clonidine

A

A2 agonist

intrathecal for pain

47
Q

How to tx apathy in Alzheimer dz?

A

low dose methylphenidate & antidepressant

48
Q

MOA of citalopram

A

SSRI to tx depression assoc w/ Alzheimer dz

49
Q

What are analgesics?

A

drugs that relieve pain w/o LOC

Wolff Crosswords (2 decks)

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