dengue fever

Question 1

one of the most important athropod-borne viral disease worldwide

Answer 1

dengue

Question 2

dengue infections occurring per year

Answer 2

50-100M

Question 3

most of the dengue cases reported were from ____ areas ____ - ____ % where there is a high density of its population and rapid development activities factors which favors dengue transmission

Answer 3

urban areas

70-80%

Question 4

highest YEAR of incidence rate of dengue fever in the philippines

Answer 4

WHO data and DoH data
1st: 2010
2nd: 2011
3rd: 2009

Question 5

highest YEAR of mortality rate of dengue fever in the philippines

Answer 5

1st: 2006
2nd: 2003
3rd: 2010

Question 6

dengue infection is caused by dengue which is a ______

Answer 6

mosquito borne flavivirus

Question 7

etiology of dengue.

it is transmitted by ___ and ___

Answer 7

aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus

Question 8

is a small, dark mosquito with white lyre shaped markings and banded legs

Answer 8

aedes aegypti

Question 9

what is an aedes aegypti

Answer 9

is a small, dark mosquito with white lyre shaped markings and banded legs

Question 10

where do female mosquito lay there eggs?

Answer 10

in containers with water and plants near the home

Question 11

mosquito prefer to bite indoor or outdoors? and primarily bite humans

Answer 11

indoors

Question 12

when does mosquitoes primarily bites and most active?

Answer 12

bites during the DAY
MOST ACTIVE 2hrs after sunrise and several hours before sunset

can bite at night in well lit areas

Question 13

which areas of the body does mosquito usually bite without being noticed?

Answer 13

bites on ankles and elbows

Question 14

who is the primary vector of dengue virus transmission

Answer 14

aedes aegypti mosquito

Question 15

cycle of transmission of dengue birus

Answer 15

human to mosquito to human

Question 16

when does female aedes aegypti become dengue vectors?

Answer 16

after feeding on the blood of a person infected with the dengue virus

Question 17

infected mosquitoes continue to transmit dengue with each blood meal for the rest of their lives

Answer 17

take note

Question 18

larva and pupa stage are aquatic

Answer 18

take note

Question 19

how many days does it take for the pupa to break through its skin to transform into an adult mosquito

Answer 19

2 days

Question 20

single stranded RNA viruses with linear non-segmented genomes

Answer 20

flavivirus

Question 21

viruses in this family are considered ___ sense because proteins are made directly from the template strand of RNA which is present in the viral capsid

Answer 21

positive (+)

Question 22

the capsid of the viruses in this family are _____ shaped and around the viral capsid a ____ shape envelope is present.

Answer 22

icosahedral shape
spherical shape

Question 23

the capsids are approximately ___ nm in diameter and are composed of a ___ type of capsid protein

Answer 23

40-50nm
single type

Question 24

where does replication of flavivirus takes place

Answer 24

in the cytoplasm

Question 25

can flavivirus replicate in the nucleus?

Answer 25

no. cause it uses host cell's RNA dependant RNA polymerase to replicate

Question 26

incubation period for dengue infection in ___ days

Answer 26

4-7 days (range 3-14)

Question 27

is a major risk factor for DHF due to antibody-dependent enhancement.

Answer 27

secondary infection

Question 28

other important contributing factors for DHF are?

Answer 28

viral virulence host genetic background T-cell activation viral load auto-antibodies

Question 29

three phases after incubation period of dengue infection

Answer 29

febril critical recovery

Question 30

febrile phase lasts ?

Answer 30

2-7 days

Question 31

febrile phase presents with?

Answer 31

high grade fever facial flushing skin erythema, generalised body ache myaglia, arthraglia headache

Question 32

what is the earliest abnormality in the full blood count in patients who have dengue

Answer 32

progressive decrease in total white cell count

Question 33

onset of defervescence usually occurs between ___ to __ days of illness

Answer 33

3 - 5 days of illness

Question 34

is a systematic and dynamic disease with clinical, haematological and serological profiles changing from day to day

Answer 34

symptomatic dengue infection

Question 35

dengue may be ___ or may result in a spectrum of illness ranging from undifferentiated mild febrile illness to severe disease, with ot without plasma leakage and organ impairment

Answer 35

asymptomatic dengue

Question 36

severe form of plasma leakage presents with?

Answer 36

sweat restless cold extremities prolonged capillary refill time pulse rate inc diastolic bp inc pulse pressure narrows

Question 37

after 24-48hrs of defervescence, plasma leakage stops, followed by reabsorption of extravascular fluid

Answer 37

recovery phase

Question 38

classical rash

Answer 38

isles of white in the sea of red

Question 39

recommendation treatment for initial resuscitation crystalloids are the fluid of choice in patients with DSS

Answer 39

GRADE A

Question 40

recommendation treatment for initial resuscitation colloids may be preferresd as the fluid of choice in patients with severe shock

Answer 40

GRADE B

Question 41

recommendation treatment for initial resuscitation when two cycles of initial resuscitation with crystalloids fail to restore haemodynamic stability, colloids should be considered

Answer 41

GRADE C

Question 42

primary preventative measure to reduce dengue infection is?

Answer 42

control of mosquito populations

Question 43

measure to eliminate vector

Answer 43

source reduction chemical control biological control personal control - avoid mosquito bites - use of repellents

Question 44

measure to eliminate vector eliminate unnecessary container habitats that collect water in which aedes aegypti can lay their egg

Answer 44

source reduction

Question 45

measure to eliminate vector the use of insecticides is recommended in emergency situation during dengue epidemics

Answer 45

chemical control

Question 46

measure to eliminate vector mosquitofish (gambusai affinis) can be placed in decorative ponds and other large container habitats to prey on mosquito larvae and effectively prevent mosquito development

Answer 46

biological control