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5th yr- Finals- CCD1 revision > dental anomalies > Flashcards

dental anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

When do dental anomalies occur

A

can occur at various stages of the dental development

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2
Q

How can describe anomalies in the number of teeth

A
  1. Hyperdontia
  2. Hypodontia
  3. Retained
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3
Q

What is hyperdontia

A

Increased number of teeth than expected

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4
Q

What is hypodontia

A

Missing or less number of teeth than expected

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5
Q

What is another term for hyperdontia

A

Supernumerary teeth

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6
Q

Where is hyperdontia most commonly seen

A

Midline between the centra incisors and in the premolar molar area

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7
Q

What can hyperdontia be associated with

A

Cleidocranial dysostosis
Gardener syndrome
Cleft lip and palate

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8
Q

Name a common form of hyperdontia

A

Mesiodens

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9
Q

What are Mesiodens

A

It is a supernumerary tooth present in the midline between the two central incisors

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10
Q

What does mesiodens usually cause

A
  1. Malocclusion
  2. Food impaction
  3. Poor aesthetics
  4. Cyst formation
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11
Q

What is the prevalence of mesiodens

A

0.09-2.05%

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12
Q

Describe the supernumerary tooth present in Mesiodens

A

Often peg shaped Tooth or small rudimentary supernumerary teeth found at the midline between the central incisors

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13
Q

What is hypodontia usually due to

A

Obstruction of the dental lamina and/or lack of space for the development or failure of initiation of the mesenchyme

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14
Q

Which teeth are usually affected by hypodontia

A

Permanent teeth are mostly affected
3rd molars - 2nd molars- maxillary lateral incisors

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15
Q

What can hypodontia be associated with

A

Ectodermal dysplasia
Cleft lip and palate

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16
Q

Name the different types of hypodontia

A
  1. Oligodontia- more than 6 missing teeth
  2. Anodontia- complete loss of teeth in the arch
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17
Q

What problems can a retained deciduous tooth lead to

A

Can lead to malocclusion or prevent permanetn successor from erupting

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18
Q

How can we describe anomalies in the teeth related to size

A
  1. Macrodontia
  2. Microdontia
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19
Q

What is macrodontia

A

Describes teeth that are bigger than normal

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20
Q

What is microdontia

A

Describes teeth that are smaller than normal

21
Q

How can we describe anomalies in the teeth related to shape

A
  1. Dens evagintus
  2. Dens invagintus
  3. Germination and fusion
22
Q

What is dens evaginitus?

A

enamel pearls on the occlusal surface

23
Q

What is dens invaginitus

A

Is a tooth within a tooth

24
Q

What is another term for dens invaginitus?

A

Dens on dens

25
Q

What is fusion

A

a fused supernumerary tooth

26
Q

What is germination

A

Twinned tooth

27
Q

Which teeth are usually affected by macrodontia

A

Maxillary canines

28
Q

What diseases can be associated with macrodontia

A

Pituitary gigantism
Craniofacial dystosis
Congenital facial hemihypertrophy

29
Q

Which teeth are most commonly affected by microdontia

A

Maxillary lateral

30
Q

Which diseases can be associated with microdontia

A

Downs sydrome
ectodermal dysplasia

31
Q

What problems are associated with dens evagintaus

A

Can affect mastication
Pulp can contain pulp tissue

32
Q

How can we describe anomalies in the teeth related to structure

A
  1. Amelogenisis imperfecta
  2. Dentinogeneisis imperfecta
  3. Dentin dysplasia
  4. Molar incisor hypominerlaisation
33
Q

What is amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

A hereditary condition affecting the enamel of ALL teeth caused by gene mutations

34
Q

Name the 3 types of amelogenesis imperfecta

A
  1. Hypoplastic
  2. Hypocalcification
  3. Hypomaturation
35
Q

Describe hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta

A

Pitted discoloured enamel very prone to caries and attrition
associated with an open bite and caused by a mutation in the matrix poretin codign genes

36
Q

What is dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) characterised by

A

Abnormal dentine structure

37
Q

List the types of dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

type I type ii type iii

38
Q

Describe DGI type 1

A

It is associated with osteogenesis imperfecta and mutations in COL1A and COL2A

39
Q

Describe DGI type II

A

Associated with loss of hearing at older ages and mutation in gene encoding DSPP

40
Q

Describe DGI type iii

A

Ashkenazi jewish ethnicity and mutation in gene encoding DSPP

41
Q

What is dentine dysplasia related to

A

Malformation of the dentine

42
Q

How many types of dentine dysplasia are there

A

Type I and type II

43
Q

Describe dentine dysplasia type I

A

Crown is normal radiographically
Both dentitions are affected
Roots are rudimentary and sharp
Incomplete pulp obliteration
Extreme tooth mobility and premature exfoliation

44
Q

Describe dentine dysplasia type II

A

mostly affects the primary dentition
if permanent dentition affects shows as thinner roots and occasional pulp stones

45
Q

What can molar incisor hypomineralisation lead o

A

Leads to chipping of enamel, discolouration of teeth

46
Q

List some systemic syndromes associated with dental anomalies

A
  1. Ectodermal dysplasia
    1. Cleiodocrania dysostosis
47
Q

What is ectodermal dysplasia

A

Comprises of a large heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that are defined by primary defects in the development of 2 or more tissues derived from embryonic ectoderm

48
Q

Which tissues are involved in ectodermal dysplasia

A

The skin and its appendages

5th yr- Finals- CCD1 revision (9 decks)

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