Dental Caries and Classification

Question 1

A multifacorial infectious disease that attacks teeth by certain bacteria if the conditions are permissible, causing destruction (demineralization/ dissolution) of the tooth

Answer 1

dental caries (C)

Question 2

stages of caries

Answer 2

A. incipient (reversible); just started, can remineralize
B. small (operative1); in the enamel, just started into DEJ
C. moderate- into the dentin
D. extensive- reparative dentin is being made from the pulp

Question 3

caries classification by location

Answer 3

• pit and fissure caries
• smooth surface caries
• root surface caries

Question 4

pit and fissure caries…

Answer 4

pits and fissures on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth, buccal and lingual surfaces of molars, lingual surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth

Question 5

smooth surface caries…

Answer 5

on the surfaces that are “pit and fissure” free

Question 6

root surface caries

Answer 6

more in elderly, follows an advanced gingival recession

Question 7

caries classification by rate

Answer 7

active, arrested, recurrent/secondary caries

Question 8

rampant (acute) caries

Answer 8

rapidly invading, softer lesions

ex: nursing bottle caries, radiation caries, meth mouth

Question 9

chronic caries

Answer 9

type of active caries; slow, long standing, dark in color and so there is a good chance of remineralization in early stages (reverse the demineralization process)

Question 10

arrested caries

Answer 10

not showing any further progression; smooth and polished like surface

Question 11

recurrent/secondary caries

Answer 11

caries under a preexisting faulty restoration

Question 12

Class I caries

Answer 12

Pits and fissures of: occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars; buccal or lingual pits/fissure of the molars; lingual pit near the cingulum of the maxillary incisors.

Question 13

Class II

Answer 13

Involving the proximal surfaces (mesial and distal) of premolars and molars; smooth surface posterior teeth

Question 14

class III

Answer 14

proximal (mesial and distal) surfaces of incisors and canines

Question 15

class IV

Answer 15

proximal surfaces of incisors and canines, but also will involve the incisal edge (due to trauma)

Question 16

Class V

Answer 16

gingival third (the area near the gingiva) of the facial or lingual surfaces of any tooth

Question 17

Class VI

Answer 17

Involve the incisal edges of anterior teeth and the cusp tips of posterior teeth; Carious lesions are rare

Question 18

according to GV Black, the ____ of the lesion dictated the ____ of the cavity preparation

Answer 18

location; design

Question 19

fundamental concepts for all tooth preparation

Answer 19

1- removal of dental caries
2- removal of weak tooth structure to provide well supported, sound hard tissue
3- pulp protection

Question 20

healthy state is reestablishing…

Answer 20

• tooth not diseased anymore
• normal form and function
• esthetically pleasing where indicated (anterior zone of oral cavity)

Question 21

junction of two surfaces

Answer 21

line angles

Question 22

junction of three surfaces

Answer 22

point angle

Question 23

cavity walls that extend to the outer tooth surface

Answer 23

external walls

Question 24

cavity walls that do not extend to the outer tooth surface

Answer 24

internal walls

Question 25

cavity walls according to the proximity to the external surface

Answer 25

internal and external walls

Question 26

cavity walls according to the angulation from the long axis

Answer 26

axial walls and perpendicular walls

Question 27

cavity walls parallel to the long axis

Answer 27

axial walls

Question 28

cavity wall perpendicular to the long axis

Answer 28

pulpal wall

Question 29

axial and pulpal walls are _____ walls

Answer 29

internal

Question 30

isthmus of a class I preparation

Answer 30

the narrowest portion of the cavity preparation

Question 31

isthmus of a class II prep

Answer 31

a portion of the cavity connecting an occlusal portion and a proximal portion together

Question 32

in class I cavity preps, the isthmus connects the two _____

Answer 32

dovetails

Question 33

dovetail design includes:

Answer 33

each marginal fossa and the developmental grooves around the marginal pits

Question 34

the junction between the external walls of the cavity prep and the uncut tooth surface

Answer 34

cavosurface angle

Question 35

6 principles of cavity preparation

Answer 35

1. outline form 2. resistance form 3. retention form 4. convenience form 5. finishing 6. debridement

Question 36

the shape of the cavity prep; perimeter of the tooth preparation in width, length, and depth

Answer 36

outline form

Question 37

factors governing outline form:

Answer 37

- conservation of tooth structure - location and the extent of the carious lesion - position of pit and fissure dictate the outline

Question 38

two outline form approaches

Answer 38

extension for prevention and conservative approach

Question 39

extension for prevention

Answer 39

Extensive tooth preparation; Unnecessary loss of healthy tooth structure

Question 40

conservative approach

Answer 40

Preservation of the remaining tooth structure; minimal extension of the outline form

Question 41

the entire carious area should be removed and ____

Answer 41

any weak enamel

Question 42

___ more conservative than _____

Answer 42

composite; amalgam

Question 43

Place ____ on sound strong tooth structure...unsupported enamel is removed

Answer 43

margins (cavosurface margin)

Question 44

Resistance form: design features of cavity prep to allow remaining tooth structure and the restoration to withstand _____

Answer 44

forces that are principally directed towards the long axis of the tooth

Question 45

Primary resistance:

Answer 45

1- removal of undermined surface enamel 2- flat pulpal floor and cavity wall angulation 3- cavity prep depth 4- well defined rounded internal line angles 5- type of restorative material

Question 46

cavosurface margin should not terminate on ____ or ____ to prevent its fracture

Answer 46

unsupported or undermined (weakened) enamel

Question 47

_____ results in rotation of the restoration (micromovement) that results in a wedging effect on the supporting dentin bridge

Answer 47

cup shaped cavity

Question 48

should have a ____ cavity in which the pulpal floor is perpendicular to the ____ of the tooth

Answer 48

box shaped; long axis

Question 49

adequate depth is needed to provide enough _____ to prevent its fracture under load

Answer 49

thickness of amalgam

Question 50

minimum amalgam thickness to withstand forces:

Answer 50

1.5 mm

Question 51

well defined rounded internal line and point angles:

Answer 51

- placing line angles to delineate the walls - sharp line angles are not recommended in any restoration - sharp line angles act as stress concentration areas

Question 52

amalgam has a low ____, thus amalgam ____ is of prime importance

Answer 52

edge strength; margin

Question 53

cavosurface margin has to establish a _____ amalgam margin

Answer 53

90 degree (butt-joint margin)

Question 54

reinforcement of the amalgam restoration at the margin by maintaining an angle of ____

Answer 54

80-90 degrees

Question 55

retention form: design features of the cavity prep that prevent ____ of the restoration by ____ or ____ forces

Answer 55

dislodgement; lifting; tipping

Question 56

amalgam does not bond to tooth structure, thus increasing the ____ of the walls that contact the amalgam, increasing _____

Answer 56

surface area; friction

Question 57

retention form: making opposing walls ____ or slightly ____ toward the _____

Answer 57

parallel; converging; occlusal

Question 58

convenience form: sufficient access to the cavity, to facilitate ____ and ____ of the cavity prep and the insertion of the restorative material

Answer 58

visibility; instrumentation

Question 59

____ for complete removal of decay

Answer 59

visibility

Question 60

the diameter of the small end of the smallest condenser should fit passively into the prepared cavity; aka the ____ should be at least ___ mm

Answer 60

isthmus; 1.0

Question 61

finishing: finishing the ____ to prevent ___ or ____ outline

Answer 61

cavosurface margin (enamel margin); jagged; rough

Question 62

finishing to achieve the best ____

Answer 62

marginal seal

Question 63

the final step before the cavity prep receives the restoration

Answer 63

debridement

Question 64

rinsing the cavity is done with ____ and _____ to remove debris and wash away dentinal shavings (smear layer)

Answer 64

air/water spray syringe; high suction evacuation

Question 65

want to free cavity from ____ caused by ____

Answer 65

moisture; blood and saliva