Dental Management of patients with psychiatric illness

Question 1

Impact of good mental health

Answer 1

improved educational attainment and outcomes
greater productivity and less sickness absence
better physical health
improved cognitive ability
reduced mortality
increased social interaction and participation
reduced risk of mental illness or suicide
reduced risk-taking behaviour such as smoking
increased resilience to adversity

Question 2

Generalised anxiety disorder - define

Answer 2

having regular or uncontrolled worries about many different things in everyday life

Question 3

panic disorder - define

Answer 3

having regular or frequent panic attacks without a clear cause or trigger

Question 4

phobias - define

Answer 4

an extreme fear or anxiety triggered by a particular situation or a particular object

Question 5

what is depression

Answer 5

characterised by depressed or sad mood, diminished interest in activities that used to be pleasurable, weight gain or loss, fatigue. inappropriate guild and difficulties concentrating, as well as recurrent thoughts of death

Question 6

depression - dental implications

Answer 6

chronic facial pain
TMD
burning mouth or sore tongue (oral dysaestheisa)

Question 7

What is tardive dyskinesia

Answer 7

involuntary movements of the tongue, lips, face, trunk and extremities
- affects 15-20% of patients who have been receiving antipsychotics

Question 8

psychosis - define

Answer 8

when people lose some contact with reality
- may involve seeing or hearing things that other people cannot see or hear or believing things that are not actually rue

Question 9

hallucinations - define

Answer 9

when a person hears, sees and in some cases feels, smells or tastes things that do not exist outside their mind but can feel very real to the person
- auditory hallucinations are common

Question 10

delusions - define

Answer 10

where a person has strong believes that are not shared by others
a common delusion is someone believing there’s a conspiracy to harm them

Question 11

psychosis - causes

Answer 11

schizophrenia
bipolar disorder
severe depression

Question 12

psychosis - triggers

Answer 12

traumatic experience
stress
drug or alcohol misuse
side effects of prescribed medicine
physical condition

Question 13

bipolar disorder - define

Answer 13

patient would have severe mood swings
- lasting several weeks or months and are far beyond the motional ups and downs that most people experience

Question 14

What is schizophrenia

Answer 14

a disorder of the mind that affects how you think feel and behave

Question 15

What are eating disorders?

Answer 15

severe resistant disturbance in eating behaviour associated with distressing thoughts and emotions

Question 16

types of eating disorders

Answer 16

anorexia nervosa
bulimia nervosa
binge eating disorder
avoidant restrictive food intake disorder
pica/rumination disorder

Question 17

anorexia nervosa features

Answer 17

self starvation and weight loss resulting in low weight for height and age
BMI <18.5
highest mortality of any psych disorder

Question 18

anorexia nervosa signs and symptoms

Answer 18

no period
dizzy/faint from dehydration
brittle hair and nails
cold intolerance
muscle wasting
irritability
poor concentration
osteoporosis
depression

Question 19

bulimia signs and symptoms

Answer 19

frequent bathroom trips after meals
chronic sore throat
sialosis
caries/erosion
GORD
Mallory Weiss Syndrome
halitosis

Question 20

bulimia nervosa medical risks

Answer 20

risk of fatal oesophageal tear
gastric rupture
cardiac arrhythmia

Question 21

binge eating disorder features

Answer 21

most common eating disorder
episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviour
leads to obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cv disease

Question 22

dental implications of eating disorders

Answer 22

dental erosion on lingual, palatal and occlusal surfaces
angular chelistis
oral ulcerations due to induced vomiting
dialysis
xerostomia
- due to dehydration or anti depression
dental hypersensitivity