Dental radiographs Flashcards

Question

Buccal is

Answer 1

Towards teeth

Answer 2

chewing surface, towards opposite arcade

Answer 3

toward middle/center Tooth surface description and radiographic angles

Answer 4

Apical – toward root of tooth Coronal– toward crown of tooth

Answer 5

Important to be able to distinguish between mandible and maxilla when viewing radiographs Important to become familiar with orientation of teeth and anatomical differences in root and crown structure More familiar you are with these areas, easier is to distinguish between teeth on radiograph

Answer 6

Film always exposed with convex dot at dorsal end of mouth Results in views on right side having dot in different location from those on left side Once film developed, hold with convex dot raised towards you – as it was placed in the mouth Orient radiograph so cusps of maxillary teeth are pointing down toward the floor and cusps of mandibular teeth are pointing up toward the ceiling

Answer 7

Used for caudal mandibular teeth (premolars and molars) as well as nasal cavity Involves placing dental film directly behind and parallel to the tooth and then directing the x-ray beam perpendicular to film

Answer 8

For majority of the teeth, film cannot be placed directly behind due to anatomic structure Bisecting angles are based on geometric theory of isometric triangles Lay film far enough inside animal’s mouth that tooth root structure will be projected on film Imaginary lines drawn along axis of tooth and plane of film Imaginary lines are two sides of your triangle, third being the imaginary line between the ends of first two lines Point where these two lines meet will create an angle Bisecting angle cuts your triangle into 2 equal halves Central beam aimed perpendicular to the line bisecting the angle created between the line of the tooth and the line of the film

Answer 9

Can be done in lateral or ventral recumbence Opposite edge of film should be touching hard palate Tips of teeth should be at edge of film closest to cone to allow ample space for roots to “fall onto” film Tube head placed 90 degrees to bisecting angle of target teeth and film May need multiple x-rays for multi-rooted teeth

Answer 10

Maxillary 4th premolar (108/208) is triple rooted with one large distal root and two smaller mesial roots Mesial roots superimpose each other if beam directed from lateral aspect If this happens, it is hard to evaluate both roots

Answer 11

To visualize both roots, two radiographs are taken at oblique angles Vertical position fixed, tube moved horizontally Horizontal tube shift results in film with overlapped roots moved apart SLOB – “Same Lingual Opposite Buccal” When the root “moves” in same direction as tube – it is lingual or palatal When the root “moves” in the opposite direction as tube, it is labial or buccal Helps identify particular root when directed from mesial or distal aspect

Answer 12

Patient in sternal or lateral recumbency Foam or towel under mandible to keep parallel Film placed parallel to hard palate Use bisecting technique Tube head is 90 degrees to bisecting angle of target teeth and film

Answer 13

Patient in sternal recumbency Foam or towel under mandible to keep parallel Film placed parallel to hard palate Use bisecting angle technique Canine teeth curve distally so you need to visualize the curvature of the root to accurately reflect the long axis of the tooth in order to properly find bisecting angle From true lateral adjust tube head to 30 degrees and center on middle of canine

Answer 14

Patient in dorsal or lateral recumbency Tips of incisors should be at rostral edge of film to allow ample space for roots Choose film size where both canine teeth are touching/biting film Size 4 for most medium to large dogs Use bisecting angle technique Tube head 90 degrees to bisecting angle Center cone between the six incisors Cone in slight rostrocaudal direction

Answer 15

Choose film size where both canine teeth are touching the film (biting on it) Center in middle long axis of canine tooth and center of incisors (to get both canines) If you are only attempting to get one canine, then center centrally on that tooth Use bisecting angle technique

Answer 16

Film should be resting on both the first and second premolars, behind the canine tooth, facing the floor of the mandible Tips of premolars should be at edge of film closest to you to allow ample space for roots Cone directed laterally and centered at tooth/teeth to be radiographed Bisecting angle technique used

Answer 17

Film placed between tongue and mandible, parallel to long axis of teeth Push film down until can feel the film pop out under ventral mandible Can use gauze/paper towel to keep film pushed down or can be placed diagonally if needed Cone is directed laterally and centered on tooth/teeth to be radiographed Cone is perpendicular to film Parallel technique used

Answer 18

Anatomical differences between canines and felines allow for some modifications of views Maxillary canine and incisor teeth are more upright than in dogs Important when estimating long axis of tooth for bisecting angle technique Follow the crown as root follows same angle Prominent zygomatic arch makes maxillary premolars and molars most difficult area to image Will superimpose over teeth, negating diagnostic value of radiograph Cannot use traditional bisecting angle technique for these teeth – use modified technique

Answer 19

Obtained with 6 views** (Not 6 exposures) Right and left posterior maxilla Right and left posterior mandible Anterior maxilla Anterior mandible Larger patients will require additional films to cover all the teeth

Answer 20

Closer the object being radiographed is to the film, the sharper and more accurate the image Use the longest film focal distance practical Make sure you are aiming at subject AND sensor/film

Answer 21

Root cutoff – film not pushed in far enough Cone cutoff – cone not centered on tooth Blurred image Patient or tube moved during exposure Tongue movement under light anesthesia Double image Movement or pressing exposure button twice Not keeping proper track of already exposed films/plates

Answer 22

result of central ray’s being at a right angle to long axis of tooth instead of to bisecting angle Image is stretched out and may not have captured entire tooth on film

Answer 23

result of central ray’s being at right angle to film instead of to bisecting angle Tooth will appear to have crown overlapping on the root

Answer 24

Appear LONGER than actual tooth Caused by too little vertical angulation To correct: increase vertical angulation Move tube head away from film Increase your angle

Answer 25

Appear SHORTER than actual tooth Caused by too much vertical angulation To correct: reduce vertical angulation Move tube head towards film Reduce your angle

Answer 26

subgingival (below gums)

Answer 27

top of root where blood supply and nerves end

Answer 28

inner part of tooth

Answer 29

bulk of tooth

Answer 30

outer covering of root

Dental radiographs Flashcards

(54 cards)