Dentistry Flashcards
(29 cards)
What equipment is needed for an equine dental exam?
Sedation - A2 or combination given IV
Gloves
Headtorch
Gag
Head stand
Mirror
Dental flush
Dental chart
Hard hat
What are you looking for with an incisor examination?
Alignment
Missing teeth
Diastema
Impacted food
Fractures
What are you looking for in an oral examination?
Mucosal inflammation or ulceration
Sharp enamel points on cheek teeth
Alignment of upper and lower arcades
Infundibular and peripheral caries
Diastamata
Missing teeth
Fractures
What surfaces of the teeth do sharp enamel points end up on?
Buccal surface of lower teeth
Outside edge of upper teeth
How many teeth does a horse have per quarter?
22 teeth
3 incisors (01-03)
1 canine (04)
1 wolf tooth (05)
3 premolars (06-08)
3 molars (09-11)
What are the eruption times for the decidual incisors?
01 - 6d
02 - 6wks
03 - 6m
What are the eruption times for adult incisors?
01 - 2.5yrs
02 - 3.5yrs
03 - 4.5yrs
What are the eruption times for canines (04) and wolf teeth (05)?
04 - 4-5yrs
05 - 6-18m
What are the eruption times for the decidual premolars?
06, 07, 08 - first 2wks
What are the eruption times for adult premolars?
06 - 2-2.5yrs
07 - 3yrs
08 - 4yrs
What are the eruption times for adult molars?
09 - 1yr
10 - 2yrs
11- 3-3.5yrs
What are the dental techniques commonly performed?
Reduction of sharp enamel points
Reduction of dominant/over-erupted teeth
Wolf/other tooth extraction
Radiography
Sinus flushing/sinus flaps
When do you remove wolf teeth?
Large
Unerupted
Abnormally positioned
Lower wolf teeth
Fractured or loose
Only on one side?
What are the common dental abnormalities in horses?
Retained deciduous teeth
Fractured/displaced/loose teeth
Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH)
Parrot/sow mouth
Diastemata
Retained deciduous caps
Diastema
Caries/infundibular caries
How to treat infundibular caries in the cheek teeth
Fillings - complex and specialist
Remove occlusion if referral is not an option
How to treat loose/displaced teeth
Extraction
Round edges to avoid ulceration
Flush out impacted food
Ongoing management
How to treat retained deciduous teeth
Removal
May require radiography if cannot distinguish between adult and deciduous teeth
How to treat fracture/displacement of incisors
Extraction
May be able to wire them back into place
Radiography to see roots and possible jaw fracture
How to treat EOTRH
Extraction
How to treat prognathia (‘parrot mouth’)/brachygnathia (sow mouth)
Incisors may not need correction as long as not impinging on soft tissues
Correction as foal
How to treat diastema
Remove impacted food
Balance mouth to reduce risk of impaction
Pack gaps with putty?
Widen so food cannot get stuck
Extraction?
How to treat retained deciduous caps
Extraction if loose or causing disease
What radiographic view of the maxillary incisors is taken?
Dorsoventral view
What radiographic view of the mandibular incisors is taken?
Ventrodorsal view
