depression Flashcards
(16 cards)
Quote by Ellis (1962)
Good mental health is a result of rational thinking
Depression is a result of irrational thoughts
Ellis’ ABC model
A-activating event.
Something happens e.g. teacher tells you you’ve done poor
B- beliefs
You have about the event e.g. you are a failure
C- consequence
Have an emotional response to the belief e.g. feeling that you are worthless
Beck (1967)
Don’t need a activating event for depression to occur sometimes thoughts are automatically negative
What are the 3 points of Necks negative triad
Negative views about…. the world, the future, oneself
What are the automatic errors in logic
Overgeneralisation- making sweeping generalisations
catastrophizing- making a mountain out of a molehill
Global negative biases- looking at all aspects of life negatively
Strengths of beck+ellis
Evidence- Grazioli + terry (2000) pregnant women study
Strong practical applications- CBT
Weaknesses of beck + Ellis
The cognitive approach ignores biological factors- Sender (1986) adopted children (reductionist)
Are they really distorted in their thinking?- Taylor (1990) depressive realism
cause + effect unclear- what caused what, depression or irrational thoughts
CBT
challenge negative and irrational thoughts.
May use beck’s or Ellis’ methods
CBT- Ellis’ ABCDE
A- identify activating events causing distortions
B- identify the faulty beliefs
C- establish the consequences these thoughts are having
D- Dispute these beliefs
E- is this having a positive effect on client
What are the 3 types of disputing
Logical, empirical, pragmatic
Logical disputing
Getting them to realise their self-defeating beliefs are not logical
Empirical disputing
Getting them to realise their self-defeating beliefs are not realistic
Pragmatic
Getting them to realise their self-defeating beliefs are not useful
CBT- Beck’s negative triad
therapist identifies and challenges automatic thoughts about the world, oneself and the future
Keep. thought diaries/ record when someone is nice to them- this can be used to challenge the belief later on.
Strengths of CBT
Evidence is very effective- Smith + Glass (1977) found CBT was 2nd in highest success rate
Attempts to deal with the cause long term unlike drug therapies
Weaknesses of CBT
Not appropriate for everyone
They ignore personal circumstances
Time consuming (27 sessions needed) expensive
Lots of motivation and commitment needed
Can be distressing
