Depression Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is another name for affective disorders
Mood disorders
What are mood disorders
Disorders of mental status and function where altered mood is the core feature.
What can depression be a consequence of
Cancer, dementia, drug misuse or medical treatment (steroids), often related to co-morbidities
What condition is depression often associated with
Anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders
ICD-10
International Classification of Disease 10th Edition - World Health Organisation
DSM-5
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition
Depression as a symptom
An emotion within the range of normal experience, severe or life-threatening
A systemic symptom with similarities to fatigue and pain
Not just the absnece of happiness but the presence of sadness
Depression as a syndrome
A constellation of symptoms and signs
Depression as a recurrent illness
Once a patient has had depression once they are more likely to get a recurrent depressive disorder
When does depression become abnormal?
- Persistence of symptoms
- Pervasiveness of symptoms
- Degree of impairment
- Presence of specific symptoms or signs
3 Spheres of symptoms of depressive disorders
Psychological
Physical
Social
Psychological sphere of depression (change in mood)
Change in mood (depression, anxiety, perplexity as in feeling overwhelmed, anhedonia (unable to experience in pleasure and interest in things that would normally be interesting to them)
Psychological sphere of depression (change in thought content)
Guilt, hopelessness, worthlessness, neurotic sympomatolgy, ideas of reference, delusions and hallucinations (if severe)
The Physical Sphere of depression (change in bodily function)
Fatigue, insomnia, reduced appetite (most common), reduced libido, constipation and pain
The physical sphere of depression (change in psychomotor functioning)
Agitation, retardation
The social sphere of depression
Loss of interests, irritability, apathy, withdrawal, loss of confidence, indecisive, loss of concentration, registration and memory
Agitation (depression)
A state of restless overactivity, aimless or ineffective
Stupor
A state of extreme retardation in which consciousness is intact. The patient stops moving, speaking, eating and drinking. The patient will be able to describe the experience.
Criteria to be fulfilled (ICD-10) to be diagnosed with depression
Last for at least 2 weeks
No hypomanic or manic episodes in lifetime
Not attributable to psychoative substance use
If psychotic symptoms but exclude schizophrenia
Depression ICD 10 somatic syndrome
Loss of interest or pleasure in activities Lack of emotional reactions Waking 2 hours before normal time Depression worse in the morning Evidence of psychomotor agitation or retardation Marked loss of appetite Weight loss Marked loss of libido
Mild depression at least two of (core symptoms of depression)
Depressed mood that is abnormal for most of the day everyday for the past two weeks
Loss of interest or pleasure
Decreased energy or increased fatigability
Mild depression (addition from this list to give at least 4)
Loss of confidence or self-esteem
Unreasonable feelings of guilt
Recurrent thoughts of death by suicide
Decreased concentration
Agitation or retardation
Sleep disturbance of any sort
Change in appetite
Moderate depression criteria
At least 2 of core symptoms, and additional 4 of additional features
Severe depression criteria
All of core symptoms and an additional 5 from the list to give 8 all together
