Depression Treatment Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the assumption of cognitive treatments?
If depression is caused by irrational, negative thinking, then changing the thinking will change the behaviour
What is the aim of cognitive treatments?
To turn irrational, negative thoughts into rational and positive thoughts
How many sessions is Beck’s treatment?
20 sessions over 16 weeks
What 4 strategies does Beck’s application use?
1) behavioural activation
2) homework
3) thought catching
4) cognitive restructuring
What is behavioural activation?
Encouraging the client to become more active and engage in fun activities
Rewarding for the client and is an antidote to depression
Gives the client the opportunity to practise challenging negative thoughts associated with fun activities
Scheduling fun events encourages participants to take part in social and rewarding activities
What is homework?
Clients are asked to complete homework between sessions in order to test irrational beliefs against reality e.g. asking someone out on a date when in the past you have been too afraid of due to fear of rejection
Only set tasks confident the patient can succeed at- failure would reinforce the ineptness they feel
Relapse is avoided through the use of booster sessions throughout the year
What is thought catching
The client is encouraged to identify and record their automatic negative thoughts and consider how they might challenge these
A thought log may be used
What is cognitive restructuring?
Changing negative automatic thoughts (NATS) into rational thoughts
What did Blackburn et al in 2000 say about CBT in comparison to antidepressants?
CBT was significantly superior to antidepressants especially over periods of more than a year
What did Derubeis study in 2005?
3 groups-
1) CBT
2) anti-depressant drugs
3) placebo
What was the improvement rate after 8 weeks (Derubeis 2005)
CBT- 43%
Drugs- 50%
Placebo- 25%
What did Hensley et al 2004 say about CBT treatment?
CBT is more enduring and after 2 years patients are more likely to be healthy than other groups of patients
What did Kupfer 2001 say?
The most effective form of treatment is a combination of CBT and anti-depressants
Ellis: people are not disturbed by things but rather?
Their view of things
What did Ellis see irrational thoughts as?
Causing emotional distress and behaviour disorders
What does REBT do?
Involves making irrational and negative thoughts more rational and positive
What is the cognitive element of CBT?
CBT begins with an assessment in which the client and the cognitive behaviour therapist work together to clarify the clients problems
They both identify goals for the therapy and put together a plan to achieve them
One of the central tasks is to identify where there might be negative or irrational thoughts that will benefit from challenge
Behaviour element of CBT?
Involves working to change negative and irrational thoughts and finally put more effective behaviours into place
What is the central component of becks cognitive therapy?
Identify the negative triad and then challenge these thoughts
What might the homework for becks CBT be?
To record when they enjoyed an event or when people were ncie to them
Behavioural activism?
When people become depressed, the tend to avoid difficult situations and become isolated- which maintains and worsens symptoms
Goal of behavioural activation is to work with depressed individuals to gradually decrease their avoidance and isolation and increase their engagement in activities that have been shown to increase mood e.g. exercising
Strength of CBT- John March?
March compared CBT to antidepressants and also to antidepressants and CBT when treating 372 depressed adolescents
After 36 weeks, 81% of the CBT group and 86% of the CBT and antidepressants group had significantly improved
CBT was effective when used on its own and more so when used alongside antidepressants
CBT- cost effective?
Only 6-12 sessions
CBT is seen as the first choice of treatment on the NHS
Limitation of CBT- lack of effectiveness?
Sometimes depression can be so severe that clients cant motivate themselves to engage with CBT
They may not be able to pay attention to what is happening in a. Session
CBT may be unsuitable for treating depression in clients with learning disabilities
