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DERM 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What diameter lesion raises suspicion for malignant melanoma?

A

Greater than 6 mm

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2
Q

What is another name for atopic dermatitis?

A

Eczema

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3
Q

What is the most common chief complaint for eczema?

A

Pruritis

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4
Q

First line tx for eczema?

A
  • Emollient creams
  • Infants: Hydrocortisone
  • Adults: higher strength topicals-triamcinolone
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5
Q

Second line tx for eczema?

A
  • Systemic steroids
  • Occlusive dressings w/ topicals
  • Immunomodulators
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6
Q

What derm condition is characterized by intense pruritus, erythema, maculopapular lesions on flexor surfaces, crusts, oozing and lichenification?

A

Atopic dermatitis-eczema

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7
Q

Tests for eczema?

A
  • Not really
  • IgE elevated
  • Eosinophilia
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8
Q

Tx for contact dermatitis?

A
  • Lotions: zinc oxide, talc, menthol, phenol
  • High-potency short-term steroid: fluocinonide
  • Transition to medium-strength: triamcinolone
  • Hydroxyzine or diphenhydramine for itching
  • ABX if secondary infection
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9
Q

What do satellite lesions in diaper dermatitis indicate?

A

Candida infection

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10
Q

Is it common to find diaper dermatitis in skin folds?

A
  • No

- Usually spared or last

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11
Q

Tests for diaper dermatitis?

A

Nope

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12
Q

Tx for diaper dermatitis?

A
  • If just contact dermatitis: hydrocortisone

- Candida: anti-fungals-miconazole

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13
Q

Is nummular eczema scaling or crusting?

A

Crusting

-Tinea is scaling

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14
Q

Tx for nummular eczema?

A

Same as atopic dermatitis

  • Avoid too much soap, but use fatty soaps
  • Lubricate skin after shower
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15
Q

What causes perioral dermatitis?

A
  • Not well known

- Possibly formaldehyde in kleenex, toothpaste

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16
Q

Tx for perioral dermatitis?

A

Tetracyclines: doxycycline

  • No topical steroids
  • Throw away toothbrush, change toothpaste and kleenex
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17
Q

What skin condition is characterized by greasy, scaling lesions near scalp, eyebrows, and face?

A

Seborrheic dermatitis

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18
Q

Tx for seborrheic dermatitis?

A
  • Selsun Blue
  • Topical antifungals
  • Topical corticosteroids
  • Coal tar
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19
Q

What skin condition is characterized by scaling, edema, erosions, crusting, “woody” fibrosis and ulceration?

A

Stasis dermatitis

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20
Q

Is stasis dermatitis usually unilateral or bilateral?

A

Bilateral

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21
Q

What area of the body is usually associated with stasis dermatitis?

A
  • Lower 1/3 of legs

- Medial

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22
Q

What diagnostic tool is crucial for chronic venous insufficiency?

A

-Duplex ultrasound

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23
Q

First-line tx for stasis dermatitis?

A
  • ABX if secondary infection
  • Wet dressings and cooling paste
  • Topical corticosteroids
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24
Q

Second line tx for stasis dermatitis?

A
  • ABX based on cultures

- Lubrication if dermatitis is quiescent

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25
Tx for dyshydrotic eczema?
- Mild: low potency topical steroids - Medium: high potency steroids and dressings - Severe: systemic steroids - Psoralens, botox if all else fails - Emollients - Avoid too much water
26
Tx for lichen simplex chronicus?
- Anti-pruritic agents: menthol, doxepin - High potency topical steroids - Oral antihistamines
27
What are dermatophyte infections?
Tinea fungi
28
What is a kerion associated with?
Tinea capitis
29
Tests for dermatophyte infections?
Fungal culture | KOH prep
30
Tx for tinea capitis?
Griseofulvin - Terbinafine - Itraconazole
31
Tx for tinea pedis?
Anti-fungal creams
32
Tx for tinea corporis or cruris?
-Topical azole anti-fungals
33
Tx for tinea versicolor?
- Ketoconazole or Selsun Blue | - Oral anti-fungals if unresponsive
34
Most common skin response to adverse drug reaction?
Urticaria (Hives)
35
Tx for drug eruptions?
- Not really - Tx for anaphylaxis - Emergency tx if necessary
36
What skin condition is characterized by: shiny flat-topped papules occurring in crops, plaques, white lacy appearance on tongue, and polygonal shapes?
Lichen planus
37
Where on the body can you find lichen plans?
- Flexor surfaces of UE - Extensor surfaces of LE - Mucous membranes
38
What skin condition is associated with Wickham striae and Koebner phenomenon?
Lichen planus
39
Tx for lichen planus?
- Superpotent topical steroids or intralesional corticosteroids - Soak and smear: soak for 20 mins then apply steroids - Topical steroids in Orabase - Systemic steroids if necessary
40
Are fever and malaise common in Pityriasis rosea?
No
41
Tx for pityriasis rosea?
Topical steroids or oral antihistamines for itching
42
What skin condition is characterized by brick-red plaques with scaling, nail disease, and arthritis?
Psoriasis
43
Which form of psoriasis is the most severe?
Pustular | -Medical emergency
44
Where can you find inverse/flexural psoriasis?
- Intertriginous areas | - Moist
45
What skin condition is associated with the Auspitz sign and Koebner phenomenon?
Psoriasis
46
First-line tx for psoriasis?
- Emollients - Topical steroids - Vitamin D - Retinoids
47
Second-line tx for psoriasis?
- Immunosupresssants - Salicylic acid - Coal tar
48
What skin condition is associated with SJS?
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
49
How is TEN differentiated from SJS?
SJS is less then 10% | TEN is more than 30%
50
What skin condition is characterized by mucous membrane lesions and targetoid lesions all over body?
SJS
51
What is Nikolsky's sign?
Epidermal sloughing with lateral pressure
52
What skin condition is associated with Nikolsky's sign?
SJS
53
Tests for SJS?
- Culture/serology for infection - Electrolytes - Albuminuria, Hematuria - Skin biopsy
54
Tx for SJS?
- Steroids controversial - IVIG? Cyclosporins? - Stop medications - Admit to hospital
55
Tx for TEN?
- Admit to burn unit - Fluids - Warming
56
What triggers erythema multiforme?
- Infections | - HSV
57
What characterizes erythema multiforme?
-Target lesions following HSV infection
58
Tx for erythema multiforme?
- Underlying condition - Antivirals if viral - Steroids or antihistamines for symptoms
59
Which skin condition is characterized by bullae, blistering, and negative Nikolsky's and Asboe-Hansen signs?
Bullous pemphigoid
60
How do you diagnose bullous pemphigoid?
Biopsy
61
Tx for bullous pemphigoid?
- High potency steroids first-line | - Oral steroids if necessary
62
What skin condition is characterized by pustular lesions and comedones on face?
Acne vulgaris
63
What are open comedones?
Blackheads
64
What are closed comedones?
Whiteheads
65
What skin condition is associated with a bulbous nose, erythema, telangiectasias, pustules on face?
Rosacea
66
Tx for rosacea?
- Low dose oral doxycycline - Topical metro - Sulfur compounds
67
Tests for folliculitis?
Culture and sensitivity
68
Tx for folliculitis?
-Systemic ABX mainstay but not useful

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