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Derm 1 Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

Eczematous dermatitis

Tx

A

Acute: topical corticosteroids, antihistamines for itching. Topical calcineurin inhibitors to avoid steroids. Prevent: daily emollients, avoid irritants, phototherapy, bleach baths to avoid 2ry infxn

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2
Q

Dyshidrosis (eczema)

Tx

A

Topical steroids (ointments), cold compresses, Burrow’s solution

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3
Q

Lichen simplex Tx

A

Avoid scratching/rubbing, high strength topical steroids, antihistamines

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4
Q 
Drug eruptions (fixed)
Tx
A

Drug avoidance & antihistamines

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5
Q

Lichen planus Tx

A

Most remit spontaneously in 1-2 yrs Topical corticosteroids (clobetasol, betamethasone) Intralesional injections of triamcinolone Generalized: PO steroids. Oral: paste. Phototherapy

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6
Q

Pityriasis rosea

Tx

A

Symptomatic Patient education -benign lasts 4-10wks

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7
Q

Psoriasis Tx

A

All forms: sun exposure, sea bathing, moisturizers, relax, Tar, salicylic acid lotion Determine severity→ Mild/mod <5% BSA. Severe >5% BSA Mild/Mod: Intermittent therapy-topical corticosteroids, vit D analog, tazarotene (retinoid) Continuous-Calcineurin inhib (tacrolimus) Severe: systemic tx (Methotrexate, cyclosporine, biologics (-mabs))

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8
Q

Erythema multiforme

Tx

A

Usu resolves spontaneously in 3-5 weeks Stop any drug related cause Oral antihistamine and steroids for sx’s Recurrent/prophylaxis: PO acyclovir

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9
Q

Stevens - Johnson syndrome

Tx

A

Withdrawal agent, transfer to burn unit if severe necrolysis, manage fluid and electrolyte IVIG, Corticosteroids, antibiotics debateable

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10
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

Tx

A

Withdrawal agent, transfer to burn unit if severe necrolysis, manage fluid and electrolyte IVIG, Corticosteroids, antibiotics debateable

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11
Q

Bullous pemphigoid

Tx

A

Corticosteroids, Immunosuppressants (rituximab, sulfasalazine, methotrexate, IVIgG
Prone to relapse

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12
Q

Acne vulgaris Tx

A

Comedones: topical retinoid or adapalene Mild: topical abx (clinda, erythro, metro), + benzoyl peroxide, + retinoid/adapalene Moderate: See mild + PO abx (tetracyclines, erythro, clinda) Severe (nodular or cystic): isotretinoin Hormone related/excess androgens in F: add OCPs +/- spironolactone Isotretinoin AEs: depression hepatitis, increase triglycerides, premature long bone closure, highly teratogenic (-preg tests, 2 forms birth control)

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13
Q

Rosacea Tx

A

Redness: topical brimonidine (a2 agonist) Papulopustules & telangiectasias: topical metronidazole, azelaic acid, acne meds, retinoids, sulfacetamide, ivermectin cream, topical & PO abx Refractory: isotretinoin

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14
Q

Actinic keratosis

Tx

A

Cryosurgery, Curettage, Electrosurgery Topical chemotherapy (5FU)

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15
Q

Seborrheic keratosis

Tx

A

No tx -benign Cosmetic -cryotherapy

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16
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

Tx

A

Electrodessication/curettage +/- Mohs for face or recurrent Small/superficial: imiquimod and 5FU (nonfacial)

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17
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

Tx

A

HAART therapy Radiation for local

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18
Q

Melanoma Tx

A

Complete wide surgical incision +/- adjuvant therapy (a-interferon, immunotherapy, radiation) PO & topical
Thickness is most important prognostic factor for METS

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19
Q

Squamous cell
carcinoma
Tx

A

Wide local surgical excision is treatment of choice

Electrodessication and curettage, Mohs, radiation

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20
Q

Lice Tx

A

Permethrin for 10 min (head) 8-10hrs (body) 2nd line: Lindane (neurotoxic). Systemic: PO Ivermectin Wash bedding/clothing hot water and detergent and dried in hot drier

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21
Q

Scabies Tx

A

Lindane or permethrin from chin to bottom of feet overnight x7d. Tx all close contacts. Wash all clothes/bedding Antihistamines or topical steroids for itching.

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22
Q

Spider bites Tx

Study These Flashcards
A

BW: Clean w/ soap and water, NSAIDs, opioid. Moderate to Severe: opiods +- muscle relaxant. Antivenom for non responsive pts if available (consult tox.) BR: Pain control (NSAIDs), tetanus, wound debridement for necrosis

23
Q

Condyloma acuminatum

Tx

Study These Flashcards
A

No tx is curative, relapses are common Cryotherapy, Laser ablation, Inter-lesional interferon Drugs: Imiquimod, 5FU Vaccine prevention (9 types) Close to 100% efficacy

24
Q 
Viral exanthems (Roseola)
Tx
Study These Flashcards
A

Supportive, antipyretics

25
Viral Exanthems (Coxsache) Tx
Complications: aseptic meningitis, pericarditis, myocarditis, pleurodynia Supportive -antipyretics, topical lidocaine
26
``` Viral exanthem (Rubeola) tx ```
Supportive: vitamin A reduces mortality Complications: diarrhea, AOM
27
``` Viral exanthem (5th Dz) Tx ```
Supportive Complications: increased fetal loss in pregnancy, may cause aplastic crisis in pts w/ sickle cell dz or G6PD deficiency
28
Herpes simplex | Tx
Acyclovir, famcyclovir, valacyclovir Higher dosing for primary, can prophylax
29
Molluscum contagiosum | Tx
Self-limited (2 mo for single lesion) Cryotherapy NO STEROIDS
30
Varicella -zoster | Tx
Vaccine for >60 Urgent referral for ophthalmic (Hutchinson sign) Antiviral w/in 72 hrs. Pain control
31
Verrucae Tx
Cryotherapy
32
Cellulitis Tx
PO: MSSA-Cephalexin, Augmentin, Dicloxacillin MRSA-Clindamycin, Bactrim, doxy, linezolid IM/IV: MSSA-Cefazolin, Nafcillin or oxacillin MRSA-Clindamycin MRSA-Vanco, daptomycin, linezolid General: Elevate bed or extremity, warm compresses, tylenol or ibu for pain Symptomatic improvement in 24-48 hrs, visible up to 72 hrs
33
Erysipelas Tx
PO: Penicillin Amoxicillin Cephalexin (keflex) Dicloxacillin IM/IV: Cefazolin or Ceftri General: Elevate bed or extremity, warm compresses, tylenol or ibu for pain Symptomatic improvement in 24-48 hrs, visible up to 72 hrs Tx 7-14 days
34
Impetigo
Bactroban (Mupirocin): drug of choice If systemic,: Cephalexin (Keflex)
35
Candidiasis Tx
Topical clotrimazole, miconazole, or nystatin PO fluconazole
36
Tines Capitis Tx
1st line: PO Griseofulvin 2nd: PO terbinafine, itraconazole or fluconazole
37
Tunes Corporis Tx
Topical Antifungal
38
Tibet Pedis Tx
Topical antifungal Clean shoes w/ antifungal spray, keep feet dry
39
Tinea Cruis Tx
Topical antifungal Avoid tight clothing, use desiccant powders
40
Onychomycos is | Tx
48 weeks with topical meds (ciclopirox) PO: efinaconazole, terbinafine, griseofulvin, itraconazole, terbinafine (AE -hepatotoxicity)
41
Pityriasis Veriscolor Tx
Topical (days-4wks): selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, azole antifungals PO: itraconazole or fluconazole Taks 2mo for rash to resolve w/ tx
42
Alopecia Areata Tx
Intralesional corticosteroids topical steroids topical immunotherapy Relapse common. Can resolve or progress to total hair loss.
43
Male and Female pattern hair loss
Minoxidil increases anagrn phase, increase follicle size Surgery M: finasteride lowers DHT in scalp F: spironolactone
44
Paronychia Tx
Warm soaks I and D Abx as needed
45
Acanthosis nigricans | tx
Treat underlying condition If no identifiable cause, look for malignancy
46
Burns
Parkland, Debridement, Pain management, +/- Antibiotics, IV fluid (Lactated ringers) 1st: heals in 7 days, aloe/lotion 2nd: Heals in 14-21 days, may leave pigment 3rd: months 4th: does not heal well
47
Hidradenitis suppurativa | Tx
All: punch debridement or I&D, diet, stop smoking Mild: topical clinda, intra-lesional steroid injection, +/- PO abx (doxy or minocycline) Mod: PO abx (up to 3mo), hormonal (spironolactone), Severe: prednisone, TNF-a inhibitors, PO isotretinoin Refractory: sx excision of apocrine glands
48
Lipomas / Epithelial inclusion cysts | Tx
May surgically remove for cosmetics
49
Melasma Tx
Hydroquinone Acid peel Retinoids | Prevention: stop OCP, Use sunscreen
50
Pilondal Dz Tx
Sits, Antibiotics I&D
51
Pressure Ulcers
Wet to dry dressings, hydrogels I, II- local wound care, pain management, III and IV may need surgical debridement
52
Urticaria Tx
Wet to dry dressings, hydrogels I, II- local wound care, pain management, III and IV may need surgical debridement
53
Vitiligo Tx
Sun protection, Cosmetics. Topical steroids Phototherapy-induced pigmentation Depigmentation 40%+ BSA involved. Skin grafting.

Dermatology (2 decks)

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