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Derm Flashcards

1
Q

how to test for fungi and dermatophytes

A

KOH exam

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2
Q

how to test for herpes/varicella zoster

A

Tzanck test (cytologic test)

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3
Q

how to test for tinea versocolor

A

wood light examination

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4
Q

how to test for scabies

A

skin scrapings

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5
Q

how do you treat acne in infants

A

YOU DONT

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6
Q

pustule formation results from proliferation of what bacteria

A

propionibacterium acnes
coag negative staph
yeast malassezia furfur

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7
Q

treatment for acne first line monotherapy

A

topical retinoids (tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene)

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8
Q

what treatment can you add to topical retinoids

A

benzoyl peroxide

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9
Q

cause of ichthyosis

A

ichthyosis vulgaris

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10
Q

treatment for ichthyosis

A

ammonium lactate

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11
Q

severe form of ichthyosis can result in

A

Collodion baby or Harlequin baby

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12
Q

treatment of atopic dermatitis

A

emollients/lubricants (aquaphor, cetaphil, eucerin, vaseline) (not lotions)
steroid creams/ointments

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13
Q

dyshydrotic eczema manifests as

A

pruritic vesicular rash of hands/feet

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14
Q

treatment of dyshydrotic eczema

A

high potency topical steroids

antiperspirants

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15
Q

eczematous condition: excessive moisture, skin maceration leads to inflammation

A

Intertrigo

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16
Q

treatment of intertrigo

A

drying, mild topical steroids (not ointments)

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17
Q

Stratum corneum compromise

Direct chemical irritation of epidermis

A

irritant contact dermatitis

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18
Q

treatment of irritant contact dermatitis

A

clean and dry

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19
Q

common with Rhus species, nickel, neomycin

A

allergic contact dermatitis

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20
Q

treatment for allergic contact dermatitis

A

corticosteroids (topical or systemic)

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21
Q

Papular erythematous perioral rash

A

perioral dermatitis

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22
Q

treatment for perioral dermatitis

A

behavior change, MILD steroid cream, vaseline

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23
Q

Greasy, yellow (or salmon) colored, scaling lesions lesions. Non-pruritic “cradle cap”

A

seborrheic dermatitis

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24
Q

treatment for seborrheic dermatitis

A

topical steroids, antiseborrheic shampoos

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25
two pigmented lesions associated with systemic disease
Cafe au lait- neurofibromatosis (greater than 6 & axillary) | Ash leaf
26
Mongolian Spots Melanocytic Nevi Salmon patches, nevus simplex, port-wine stain Hemangiomas
Birthmarks
27
giant melanocytic nevi can develop into
malignant melanoma
28
Flat slate grey to blue Usually lumbrosacral, buttocks –can be elsewhere Accumulation of melanocytes
Mongolian spots
29
Cutaneous distribution of port wine stain, | 1st branch of trigeminal nerve
Sturge Weber syndrome
30
Salmon patches, vascular, fade away
hemangiomas
31
Well demarcated, erythematous, scaly papules and plaques
Psoriasis
32
this type of psoriasis can follow strep infection
Guttate
33
Treatment for psoriasis
topical steroidsCoal tar, Sunlight, moisturizers, methotrexate in diffuse or pustular cases
34
skin disorder with Herald patch | with cleavage lines (christmas tree distribution)
Pityriasis Rosea
35
treatment of pityriasis rosea
NONE (can use antihistamines, low potency steroids)
36
“honey colored crust”with red base, often nasolabial area
impetigo
37
causative agent for impetigo
staph aureus | GAS can cause it too
38
treatment of impetigo
Anti-staph antibiotic(cephalexin effective for strep, MSSA; clindamycin for all strep and staph). Mupirocin (Bactroban®) or retapamulin (Altabax®) if disease is localized
39
treatment of bullous impetigo
systemic antibiotics
40
complication of impetigo
Acute Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis (APSGN)
41
cause of erysipelas
strep pyogenes (GAS)
42
treatment of erysipelas
Pen G
43
Cause of cellulitis/abscess
staph, if streaking then strep
44
cause of folliculitis
pseudomonas
45
cause of staph scalded skin
staph aureus
46
Annular or nummular scaling red plaques Often with “trailing scale” Pruritic
tinea corporis
47
treatment of tinea corporis
Topical imidazoles (clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, NOT nystatin)
48
ring like lesions to be aware of
``` granuloma annulare nummular eczema erythema chronicum migrans staph impetigo erythma multiforme ```
49
treatment of tinea capitis
Topical treatment is ineffective (azoles dont work) | Griseofulvin or other oral medications
50
something looks like tinea pedis in kids... what most likely is it?
Eczema, or juvenille plantar dermatosis
51
treatment tinea cruris and pedis
topical azoles
52
treatment for tinea versicolor
selenium sulfide | topical antifungals
53
satellite lesions in the diaper are classic for
candidia
54
treatment for candida
nystatin
55
causative agent of warts
HPV
56
treatment for flat warts
Retin-A
57
treatment for verrucous warts
freezing | keratolytics (salicylic acid)
58
treatment for condylomata acuminata
podophyllin
59
cause of moluscum contagiosum
MCV I, MCV II (pox viruses)
60
Pearly papules – pinhead to 1 cm in size Large lesions have central dimple May have few to hundreds of lesions
Molluscum contagiosum
61
treatment of molluscum contagiosum
curettage liquid nitrogen podophyllin
62
treatment for scabies
Permethrin | Lindane
63
treatment of pediculosis capitis
Permethrin pyrethrum shampoos nit comb
64
tender nodules over shins/legs +/- fever
erythema nodosum
65
causes of erythema nodosum
``` Strep infections Inflammatory bowel disease Drug reaction Primary tuberculosis Idiopathic ```
66
target lesions
erythema multiforme
67
causes of erythema multiforme
``` HSV* Mycoplasm pneumonia Other infections Drug reactions Idiopathic ```
68
``` Severe bullous form of erythema multiforme Includes mucous membranes Conjunctivitis Mouth ulceration PRECEDED BY UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION ```
stevens johnson syndrome
69
meds that cause SJS
Antibiotics containing penicillin, sulfa or tetracyclines NSAIDs- including naproxen and ibuprofen Anticonvulsants - carbamazepine or phenytoin
70
Drug reaction causing blistering and peeling of skin. Severe form of SJS
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
71
drugs that cause TEN
Antibiotics Sulphonamides , Penicillins , Macrolides, Quinolones Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) Anticonvulsants (antiepileptic medicines)
72
Classic form in adolescence is localized to scalp and intertriginous areas and may include blepharitis and external auditory canal
seborrheic dermatitis
73
treatment for kawosakis
IVIG, high dose aspirin

Pediatrics (15 decks)

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