Derm Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the types of rashes common in acute care?
- Contact Dermatitis
- Drug Induced Rashes
- Fungal Infections
- Viral Infections
- Bacterial Infections
- Neoplastic Lesions
- Reactive Erythema
What is Contact Dermatitis?
It can be either an irritant or allergic.
What are common causes of Drug Induced Rashes?
- Antibiotics
- Anticonvulsants
- NSAIDS
- Allopurinol
- Some chemotherapy drugs
What symptoms are associated with Drug Eruptions?
- Redness
- Itching
- Hives
- Blisters
- Swelling
- Pain
What is Candida?
A fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of Candida yeast on the skin.
What is Aspergillus?
When fungal spores are introduced into the skin through a break in the skin.
What is Reactive Erythema?
A general term for skin conditions causing inflammation in response to infection, immune response, or toxic factors.
What are the two types of Chronic Urticaria?
- Chronic spontaneous urticaria
- Chronic inducible urticaria
What is Erythema Nodosum Syndrome?
An inflammatory/immunologic skin condition appearing as painful nodules.
What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
A multisystem autoimmune disease that presents with a butterfly rash.
What is Thrombocytopenic Purpura?
Cutaneous hemorrhages occur with reduced platelet count.
What characterizes Epidermal Necrolysis?
Widespread detachment of the skin and mucous membranes.
What is the leading cause of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)?
A drug reaction with onset usually 1-3 weeks.
What is Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)?
A severe allergic reaction to a medication affecting internal organs and skin.
What are the main causes of Pressure Injuries?
- Immobility
- Moisture
- Malnutrition
- Older Adults
- Diabetes Mellitus
What is the definition of a Pressure Injury?
Localized area of tissue damage from prolonged compression of soft tissue.
What are the stages of Pressure Injuries?
- Stage 1
- Stage 2
- Stage 3
- Stage 4
- Suspected Deep Tissue Injury
- Unstageable
What is the treatment for Stage 1 Pressure Injury?
Cover with transparent film and implement preventative measures.
What is the difference between Infiltration and Extravasation?
Infiltration is non-irritating fluids leaking out of a vein, while Extravasation is irritating fluids leaking out.
What are Neoplastic Lesions?
An unusual growth of skin cells that can be benign or malignant.
What is Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)?
Skin cancer that develops on squamous cells, usually from prolonged sun exposure.
What is the most common form of skin cancer?
Basal Cell Carcinoma.
What is Malignant Melanoma?
The 5th most common cancer in the US and leading cause of death from skin disease.
What are the ABCDE rules for examining pigmented lesions?
- A - Asymmetry
- B - Border irregularity
- C - Color variation
- D - Diameter greater than 6mm
- E - Evolving changes
