Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Step 2 CK > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Dx any dermal malignancy

A

Bx

Never shave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dx any dermal malignancy

A

Bx

Never shave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who gets skin CA

A

More sun

Pale skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Features of melanoma

A 
Assymetry
Borders irregular
Colours not uniform
Diameter >6mm
Evolving
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Worst prognostic sign of melanoma

A

Growing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dx melanoma

A

Full thickness Bx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rx melanoma

A

Surgical removal including a significant amount of normal skin
IFN injection for widespread

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does melanoma metastasize to

A

Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who gets squamous cell skin CA

A

Sun
Organ transplant
- Long term immunosuppresive meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does SCC look like

A

Ulcer that doesn’t heal and continues to grow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Management of SCC

A

Bx and remove

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MCC skin CA

A

Basal cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does BCC look like

A

Waxy lesion that is shiny like a pearl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dx BCC

A

Shave and bx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rx BCC

A

Mohs micrographic surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Mohs micrographic surgery

A

Removal of skin CA under dissecting microscope with immediate frozen section
Lose very small amount of NL tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Mohs micrographic surgery best for

A

Delicate areas like eyelid or ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Who gets Kaposi (HHV8)

A

AIDS (via sexual contact, NOT IVDU)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does Kaposi manifest

A

Skin
GI
Lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What doesn Kaposi look like

A

Reddish/Purple lesions
More vascular
Cuboidal epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

CD4 in Kaposi

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rx Kaposi

A

Rx AIDS w/ antiretrovirals (goes away when CD4 ↑)
Vincristine or IFN intralesional injection
Chemo w/ liposomal doxorubicin if all else fails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is actinic keratosis

A

Premalignant

High intensity sun exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What can actinic keratosis convert to

A

SCC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is Imiquimod used for
Actinic keratosis Molluscum contagiosum Condyloma acuminatum
26
What is Imiquimod used for
Actinic keratosis Molluscum contagiosum Condyloma acuminatum
27
Who gets skin CA
More sun | Pale skin
28
Features of melanoma
``` Assymetry Borders irregular Colours not uniform Diameter >6mm Evolving ```
29
Worst prognostic sign of melanoma
Growing
30
Dx melanoma
Full thickness Bx
31
Rx melanoma
Surgical removal including a significant amount of normal skin IFN injection for widespread
32
Where does melanoma metastasize to
Brain
33
Who gets squamous cell skin CA
Sun Organ transplant - Long term immunosuppresive meds
34
What does SCC look like
Ulcer that doesn't heal and continues to grow
35
Management of SCC
Bx and remove
36
MCC skin CA
Basal cell carcinoma
37
Rare AE of Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus
Develop lymphoma
38
Dx BCC
Shave and bx
39
Rx BCC
Mohs micrographic surgery
40
What is Mohs micrographic surgery
Removal of skin CA under dissecting microscope with immediate frozen section Lose very small amount of NL tissue
41
What is Mohs micrographic surgery best for
Delicate areas like eyelid or ear
42
Who gets Kaposi (HHV8)
AIDS (via sexual contact, NOT IVDU)
43
Where does Kaposi manifest
Skin GI Lung
44
What doesn Kaposi look like
Reddish/Purple lesions More vascular Cuboidal epithelium
45
CD4 in Kaposi
46
Rx Kaposi
Rx AIDS w/ antiretrovirals (goes away when CD4 ↑) Vincristine or IFN intralesional injection Chemo w/ liposomal doxorubicin if all else fails
47
What is actinic keratosis
Premalignant | High intensity sun exposure
48
What can actinic keratosis convert to
SCC
49
How to remove actinic keratosis
``` Curettage Cryotherapy Laser Topical 5-fluorouracil Imiquimod ```
50
What is Imiquimod used for
Actinic keratosis Molluscum contagiosum Condyloma acuminatum
51
What is seborrheic keratoses
Liver spots on elderly, benign "stuck on" appearance Removed w/ cryotherapy, surgery, laser for cosmetic reasons
52
What is atopic dermatitis (Eczema) associated with
Overactivity of mast cells and immune system
53
What is in the Hx of a pt w/ eczema
Asthma Allergic rhinitis FHx of atopic disorders Onset
54
MC presentation of eczema
Pruritis and scratching | Often on face
55
Pathogenesis of eczema
Pruritis and scratching Scaly, rough areas of thickened skin Superficial staph infections
56
Where does eczema usually manifest
Face, neck, behind knee
57
Skin care in eczema
Moisturize Avoid bathing, soap, washcloths Cotton instead of wool
58
What is elevated in atopic dermatitis
IgE
59
Medical therapy of eczema
``` Topical steroids Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus (less AE than steroids) Antihistamines ABX when impetigo occurs UV light (severe recalcitrant disease) ```
60
Antihistamines for mild eczema
Cetirizine Fexofenadine Loratidine
61
Antihistamines for severe eczema
Doxepine Hydroxyzine Diphenhydramine
62
Rare AE of Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus
Develop lymphoma
63
What causes psoriasis
Abs attacking epidermis
64
Presentation of psoriasis
Silver scaly plaques NOT itchy Extensor surfaces Extensive disease associated with depression
65
Rx local psoriasis
``` Topical high potency steroids Vitamin A and D ointment - Calcipotriene Coal tar Pimecrolimus and tacrolimus on delicate areas ```
66
Steroids used in local psoriasis
Fluocinonide Triamcinolone Betamethasone Clobetasol
67
Rx extensive psoriasis
UV light Anti-TNF MTX
68
Pityriasis rosea features
Idiopathic transient dermatitis Herald patch that disseminates Spares palms and soles
69
Rx symptomatic Pityriasis rosea
Steroids or UV
70
Differentiate Pityriasis rosea from secondary syphilis
Syphilis is VDRL or RPR positive in all cases
71
MCC contact dermatitis
Poison ivy | Rx w/ steroids
72
Features of seborrheic dermatitis
Hypersensitivity to dermal infection w/ noninvasive dermatophytes Increased in AIDS and parkinson
73
Rx seborrheic dermatitis
Topical steroids AND antifungals
74
What drugs are pemphigus vilgaris associated with
ACEIs Penicillamine Phenobarbitol PCN
75
Most accurate test for cellulitis
Inject sterile sale and aspirate for Cx | Staph > strep
76
Most accurate test for pemphigus vulgaris
Bx w/ auto-Abs
77
Rx pemphigus vulgaris
Systemic steroids Azathioprine or mycophenolate Rituximab or IVIG if refractory
78
Why is bullous pemphigoid less severe than pemphigus vulgaris
Bullae stay intact (less loss of fluid and infection) | Mouth not involved
79
Most accurate test for bullous pemphigoid
Bx w/ immunofluorescent stain
80
Best initial therapy for bullous pemphigoid
Prednisone | Wean off w/ azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate
81
Mild bullous pemphigoid responds to
Erythromycin Dapsone Nicotinamide
82
What does PCT usually affect
Backs of hands and face
83
What is in the Hx of a pt w/ PCT
Chronic liver disease (hep C, alcoholism) Estrogen use Fe overload (hemochromatosis)
84
Most accurate test for PCT
Increased uroporphyrins in 24hr urine collection
85
What is the defect in PCT
Deficiency of uroporphyrin decarboxylase
86
Rx PCT
Rx underlying cause (stop estrogen, stop alcohol) | Remove Fe w/ phlebotomy
87
Features of impetigo
"Honey coloured" | Weeping, crusting, oozing, draining skin
88
Causes of impetigo
Staph | Strep (group A beta hemolytic)
89
Erysipelas and impetigo can cause
Glomerulonephritis but not rheumatic fever
90
Rx mild impetigo
Topical - Mupirocin - Retapamulin - Bacitracin
91
Rx severe impetigo
Oral - Dicloxacillin - Cephalexin
92
Rx impetigo due to community acquired MRSA
Doxy Clinda TMP/SMX
93
Why is erysipelas more severe than impetigo
Deeper in the skin
94
What causes erysipelas
Strep > staph
95
Presentation of erysipelas
Bright red hot swollen lesion on face | Leukocytosis
96
Treatment rule for erysipelas
Treat for staph and strep unless there is a definitive diagnosis
97
Rx mild erysipelas (same as for cellulitis, folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles)
Diclox, cephalexin, cefadroxyl PCN allergic: erythro, clarithro, clinda MRSA: Doxy, clinda, TMP/SMX
98
Rx severe erysipelas (same as for cellulitis, folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles)
Ox, clox, cefazolin PCN allergic: Clinda, vanco MRSA: vanco, linezolid, dapto, tige, ceftaroline
99
What does cellulitis look like
Warm, red, swollen, tender | Legs > arms
100
Most accurate test for cellulitis
Inject sterile sale and aspirate for Cx | Staph > strep
101
Features of folliculitis, furuncles, carbuncles
Folliculitis is small and mild hair follicle infection Furuncle is small abscess Carbuncle is collection of furuncles
102
Get around PCN rash in skin infections
Use cephalosporins
103
Get around PCN anaphylaxis in mild skin infections
Macrolides, clinda, doxy, TMP/SMX
104
Get around PCN anaphylaxis in severe skin infections
Vanco, linezolid, dapto, tige, ceftaroline
105
What is a severe skin infection
Fever Chills Bacteremia
106
Best initial test for fungal infection
KOH prep
107
Most accurate test for fungal infection
Fungal Cx
108
Best initial therapy for fungal infection (no hair or nail)
Topical antifungal agent
109
Best initial therapy for fungal infection with hair or nail involvement
Terbinafine | Itraconazole
110
What are topical antifungal agents
``` Clotirimazole Ketoconazole Miconazole Nystatin (candida only) Ciclopirox ```
111
AE ketoconazole
Antiandrogenic | Oral can cause gynecomastia
112
Best initial test/most accurate test for vaginal fungal disease
Same as oral | If presentation is clear then next best step is topical antifungal
113
Drug hypersensitivity presentation
Morbilliform rash Erythema multiforme SJS TEN
114
Drugs that can cause any HS presentation
``` PCNs Sulfas Allopurinol Phenytoin Lamotrigine NSAIDs Rifampin Quinidine ```
115
Drugs that cause skin HS can also cause
Hemolysis Interstitial nephritis Drug induced thrombocytopenia
116
Causes of chronic urticaria
Pressure, cold, vibration
117
Rx urticaria
Antihistamines (non-sedating) | Sedating antihistamines are for anaphylaxis
118
Appearance of erythema multiforme
5cm is lyme
119
Appearance of SJS
Mucous membrane involvement May lead to resp failure Rx w/ IVIG
120
Appearance of TEN
Rash, mucous membrane involvement Positive nikolsky sign Rx w/ IVIG
121
What is "fixed" reaction
Drug HS only happens on one part of body
122
Aside from drugs, what is erythema multiforme associated with
Mycoplasma | HSV
123
What is staph scalded skin syndrome and toxic shock syndrome
Different severeties of a reaction to a staph surface toxin
124
Features of SSSS and TSS
Hypotension Renal dysfunction Liver dysfunction CNS involvement
125
Rx SSSS and TSS
``` Supportive care Antistaph ABX (Ox, Naf, cefazolin) ABX do not reverse disease ```
126
Progression of acne rx
Benzoyl peroxide (topical ABX if ineffective) ADD topical vit A Oral ABX if fail ADD oral vit A to oral ABX
127
Important to consider when administering vit A derivative in acne
Teratogenic so do a pregnancy test

Step 2 CK (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions