Derm Flashcards
What is the most common cause of hirsutism?
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Which derm condition is associated with coeliac disease?
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Which rash does systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) present with?
Butterfly rash
What is dermatitis herpetiformis?
An autoimmune blistering skin disorder caused by deposition of IgA in the dermis (assoc. with coeliac disease)
–> itchy vesicular lesions on extensor surfaces
Name two skin disorders associated with pregnancy.
Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy - pruritic - assoc with 3rd trimester Pemphigoid gestationis - pruritic blisters - often peri-umbilical - usually presents in 2nd/3rd trimester
What type of ulcer is associated with burns?
Curlings ulcer
= a stress ulcer in the duodenum of burns patients
–> haematemesis
Electrical burns may result in damage to the kidneys, how?
Rhabdomyolysis
How might you assess the extent of a burn?
Wallace's rule of nines: Head + neck = 9% Each arm = 9% Each ant. leg = 9% Each post. leg = 9% Ant. chest = 9% Post. chest = 9% Ant. abdo = 9% Post. abdo = 9%
What 4 derm terms are used to assess the depth of a burn?
Superficial epidermal
Partial thickness (superficial dermal)
Partial thickness (deep dermal)
Full thickness
What is Pityriasis Versicolor?
Fungal infection which causes hypopigmented itchy patches on the trunk (usually)
- caused by Malassezia furfur
What is CREST syndrome?
The cutaneous form of systemic sclerosis
- Calcinosis (calcium deposits in soft tissue)
- Raynaud’s phenomenon
- Esophageal dysmotility
- Sclerodactyly (skin thickening on fingers and toes)
- Telangiectasia (look like spider veins)
What is lichen planus?
An itchy, papular rash which most commonly occurs on the palms, soles, genitalia and flexor surfaces of the arms
- often polygonal shape with ‘white-lines’ pattern on surface (Wickham’s striae)
- Koebner phenomenon may be seen
What is pityriasis alba?
A skin condition which results in dry, fine-scaled, pale patches on the face.
It is self-limiting and can be treated with emollients.
What is eczema?
A condition which causes itchy, dry and red skin, most commonly affecting hands, flexural surface of the elbows and face & scalp in children.
What is psoriasis?
An autoimmune disease characterised by patches of red, itchy, scaly and abnormal skin.
What is scabies?
A contagious and itchy skin infestation caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei.
What is Koebner phenomenon?
Where new skin lesions appear at the site of trauma
What are Curlings ulcers?
Stress ulcers in burns patients. May cause haematemesis.
What is actinic keratosis?
A common premalignant skin lesion that develops as a result of chronic sun exposure
–> small, crusty, scaly lesions
What is Kaposi sarcoma?
Tumour of vascular are lymphatic epithelium
–> purple cutaneous nodules
What is Bowen’s disease?
Squamous cell carcinoma in situ
Commonly presents with an erythematous scaling patch or elevated plaque on sun-exposed skin in an elderly patient.
How does invasive SCC commonly present?
Erythematous keratotic papule or nodule with a background of sun-exposure.
Regional lymphadenopathy may be present
What is a keratoacanthoma?
A dome-shaped erythematous lesion which often contains a central pit of keratin.
Develop over a period of days and grow rapidly.
Generally benign
What is a pyogenic granuloma?
Friable overgrowth of granulation tissue (connective tissue and blood vessels) at sites of minor trauma, e.g. gardening scratch.
Red, may be ulcerated and bleeding on contact is common.
