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derm crossword Flashcards

1
Q

tetracycline used to treat acne, noteworthy for its ability to cause dark pigmentation in skin and sclera

A

minocycline

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2
Q

cyclosporine and tacrolimus are among these agents that revolutionized transplantation therapy because they don’t cause bone marrow suppression. among other used includes topical or systemic administration for —?

A

calcineurin inhibitors

psoriasis and topical administration for anogenital pruritis

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3
Q

route of administration where pharmacokinetic factors influencing absorption and distribution of drug include region, concentration, and vehicle

A

cutaneous

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4
Q

organophosphate anticholinesterase insecticides, kills ectoparasites

A

malathion

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5
Q

prescription synthetic topical antimycotic agent with broad spectrum activity

A

ciclopirox

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6
Q

~50% water based, and 50% oil based with an emulsifier, base that is useful for covering large and/or wet areas with a drug but preservatives, etc, can cause allergic reactions

A

creams

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7
Q

component of plant defenses against bacteria active against P. acne

A

azaleic acid

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8
Q

late choice for treating ectoparasites, works by disrupting GABAergic transmission

A

lindane

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9
Q

urea, alpha-hydroxyl acids and allantoin are among the agents found in moisturizers to soften this and give a smoother feeling (2 words)

A

horny substance

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10
Q

refers to localized pruritis caused by compression/damage to nerves; anticonvulsants gabapentin or pregabalin may provide relief

A

neuropathic

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11
Q

topical treatment o lesions due to herpes simplex

A

acyclovir

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12
Q

example of body region where topically applied agents would be rapidly absorbed

A

axlla

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13
Q

low pressure implementation of this with normal saline is an important component of healing, especially for larger wounds

A

irrigation

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14
Q

delayed hypersensitivity reaction that can be caused by substances such as latex and drugs such as neomycin and bacitracin; sometimes induced as treatment of skin disorder (i.e. psoriasis and alopecia)

A

contact dermatitis

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15
Q

K+ sparing diuretic with partial agonist propoerties at androgen receptors that can make it useful for treating menstrual cycle-linked acne of male pattern baldness in adult women

A

spironolactone

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16
Q

most important component of infection control

A

hand hygeine

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17
Q

platelet-derived growth factor that stimulates diabetic ulcer repair, but must use cautiously as too much increases risk of malignancy

A

becaplermin

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18
Q

orally administrated insecticide to treat ectoparasites, binds glutamate-activated Cl- channels to hyperpolarize the nerve and muscle cells

A

ivermectine

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19
Q

treated surgically when possible with 1-2 cm margins and conventional chemotherapy based on dacarbazine; vermurafenib is also useful in the ~60% that have the BRAF V600D gene mutation

A

melanoma

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20
Q

common cause of diarrhea due to antibiotic-associated colitis, well known example where handwashing with soap and water is superior to acohol-based gels

A

C Difficile

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21
Q

macrlide antibiotic, among uses is for topical or systemic treatment o acne; among the well-known cytochrome P450 inhibitors

A

erythromycin

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22
Q

imidazole antifungal drug applied topically or range of fungal infections, also noteworthy as a classic inhibitor of cytochrome P450

A

ketoconazole

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23
Q

local vasoconstriction due to blood volume deficit, unrelieved pain, hypothermia, etc, can impair wound healing due to inadequate amount of this inthe tissue

A

oxygenation

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24
Q

can be effective treatment for acne in women

A

combination oral contraceptive

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25
Q

to heal best, wounds should be kept clean and

A

moist

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26
Q

potent vasodilator due to hyperpolarization via activation of K+ channels, applied topically to grow hair

A

minoxidil

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27
Q

when used to treat thrush, it is held in the mouth before swallowing (has negligible GI absorption)

A

nystatin

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28
Q

retinoid administered orally for treatment of severe acne, powerful teratogen that mandates participation by prescribers and used in the iPledge program

A

isotretinoin

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29
Q

most common handwashing error in clinical setting

A

inadequate time

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30
Q

applied to inanimate objects to kill microbes

A

disinfectant

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31
Q

blocking this radtion was ~ only goal of early sunscreens; also used to treat psoriasis

A

UVB

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32
Q

good wound coverings during the debridement phase of healing

A

hydrogels

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33
Q

anti-inflammatory agent known since anciet times, keratolytic effects due to its ability to dissolve intercellular cement make it useful for treatment of acne, dandruff and calluses

A

salicylic acid (ASA)

34
Q

important for optimal wound healing

A

nutrition

35
Q

useful topically for fungal infections such as jock itch and athlete’s foot and systemically for fungal nail infections

A

terbnafine

36
Q

agents such as iodine, chlorhexidine and hydrogen peroxide and potentially do this to wound healing

A

impede

37
Q

class of antifungal drugs with a wide range of activity, blocks ergosterol synthesis

A

imidazoles

38
Q

biologic DMARD directed against IL-17a, used to treat psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and, for some works much better than anti-TNF therapies

A

secukinumab

39
Q

class of adrenergic agonists administered topically to treat rosacea or red eyes; bimonidine oxymetazoline and tetrahydrozyline are example

A

alpha

40
Q

form on surfaces, very hard to kill because 1) resident microbes of different species help each other survive and 2) some also form phenotype that replicates slowly

A

biofilms

41
Q

effective treatment for acne primarily because o its simple/easy to follow strategy

A

proactiv

42
Q

monoclonal antibody against IL-12 and IL-23, a biologic agent used to treat psoriasis

A

ustekinumab

43
Q

prototypical non-steroid androgen antagonist, uses include treatment of prostate cancer and male pattern baldness in women

A

flutamide

44
Q

very important component of skin care for health care providers

A

moist urizers

45
Q

antibiotic that works similar to macrolides, kills anaerobes, useful for range of infections including topical treatment of acne and for osteomyelitis; associated with increased risk of C. Dificile

A

clindamycin

46
Q

topical immune response modifier used to treat actinic keratoses and basal or squamous cell carcinoma; also used to treat genital warts

A

imiquimod

47
Q

characterizes the topical glucocorticoids that should be applied to face, genitals and skin folds

A

low potency

48
Q

refers to substance in moisturizers that form an oily layer to trap water in the skin/treat dry skin; petrolatum, lanolin, and mineral oil are among common examples

A

emolients

49
Q

control that is now considered a priority for optimal wound closure

A

glycemic

50
Q

example of systemic therapy to treat tinea versicolor

A

flucanzole

51
Q

orally administered phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor used to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriases

A

apremilast

52
Q

broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent widely used in homes and hospitals due to efficacy on skin and oral mucosa with low irritablity

A

chlorhexidine

53
Q

the formation of one of these after drug application to the skin may prolong its half-life enough to permit 1/day dosing

A

reservoir

54
Q

drug class useful for systemic treatment of acne, photo-sensitivity, GI distress and contraindication in pregnancy and young children due to gray discoloration of permanent teeth are noteworthy adverse effects

A

tetracycline

55
Q

chronic kidney disease, biliary obstruction, diabetes, hypo-and hyperthyroidism, hodgkin’s disease, polycythemia vera and pregnancy are among the common systemic causes of this

A

pruritis

56
Q

applied to skin to kill microbes

A

antiseptic

57
Q

peptide antibiotic with efficacy against gram- bacteria including pseudomonas, has a detergent-like effect that manages the bacterial cell membrane

A

polymixib

58
Q

lower, closer to that of skin is why synthetic detergents minimize skin irritation during home skin care

A

pH

59
Q

topical administration formulations have 7 potency classes so that it is possible to taper down to the lowest dose needed to control inflammation

A

glucocorticoids

60
Q

refers to autoantibody mediated hair loss that is treated with corticosteroids and/or an agent such as DPCP to induce a contact dermatitis with typical hair growth restoration in the healed skin

A

alopecia areata

61
Q

antifungal agent with topical effects limited to candida infections, may temporarily stain the skin yellow

A

amphotericin B

62
Q

important component of wound healing, it conserves the local resources by limiting the need to synthesize proteases

A

debridement

63
Q

synthetic insecticides similar to that of chrysanthemums, ectoparasite therapy that blocks membrane repolarizing

A

permethrin

64
Q

topical antimicrobial agent commonly used to treat acne; local skin irritant and may blech hair or clothing

A

benzoylperoxide

65
Q

macrolide among the systemic therapies used to treat acne; not a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, unusual pharmacokinetics in that it is taken up in phagocytes and released by them at sites of infection

A

azithromycin

66
Q

refers to agents such as glycerin, lecithin and propylene glycol found in moisturizers to draw water into the outer layer of skin

A

humectants

67
Q

peptide antibiotic with activity against gram + organisms and some anaerobes; only applied topically to limit systemic toxicity often causes contact dermatitis

A

bacitracin

68
Q

somewhat surprisingly, making it a good distractor on exams, this does no promote wound healing

A

EGF

69
Q

effective topical therapy for actinic keratoses, causes fast-proliferating dysplastic cells to die a thymidine-less death; necrosis/erosion gives way to re-epithelization over several weeks

A

5-fluorouracil

70
Q

treatment for actinic keratoses derived from euphorbia peplus sap, causes chemoablation with neutrophil-mediated antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity eliminating remaining tumor cells

A

ingenolmebutate

71
Q

aminoglycoside antibiotic of neosporin with activity against gram - bacteria

A

neomycin

72
Q

compromised of ~20% water and 80% oils, best for dry skin, stay on the surface of skin and are not well absorbed, permit more complete drug absorption and less llikely to cause allergic reaction skin no preservatives

A

ointments

73
Q

among OTC drug used to treat jock itch and athletes’ foot, like terbinafine, inactive against yeasts

A

tolnaftate

74
Q

very old remedy for psoriasis; works but color and smells create a challenge

A

TAR

75
Q

among the wound coverings perferreed during the granulation and epithelization phases of wound healing

A

low adherance

76
Q

blocks the conversion of testosterone to more potent androgen dihydyrotestosterone, among its uses is to treat male pattern baldness in men and second-line agent for this in women

A

finasteride

77
Q

drug class that may or may not stop the itch, but the associated drowsiness may help

A

anti-histamine

78
Q

titanium dioxide is an example that could be applied, for example to your nose when on the beach

A

sunshade

79
Q

topical retinoid administered or the treatment of acne, aters gene expression to normalize keratinization, decrease keratinocyte cohesiveness and reduce microcomedone formation

A

tretinoin

80
Q

among the imidazole drugs commonly used to treat vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

miconazole

81
Q

radiation that may not cause erythema and sunburn but nevertheless still does contribute to skin aging and photocarcinogenesis; under strict supervision, used in combination with photosensitizer psoralens to treat psoriases

A

UVA

82
Q

inhibitors of this signaling pathway can be used to treat advanced basal cell carcinoma but usually treated surgically and/or topically

A

SHH

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