Derm Pharm

Question 1

platelet derived growth factor

promoting cell proliferation & angiogenesis

Answer 1

Becaplermin

Question 2

only agent approved for chronic diabetic foot ulcers

Answer 2

Becarplermin

Question 3

peptide antibiotic
inhibit bacterial cells wall synthesis
active against gram-positive organisms

Answer 3

bacitracin

Question 4

aminoglycoside antibiotic bind to 30S ribosomal subunit
active against gram-negative
causes allergic dermatitis
poorly absorbed through skin

Answer 4

neomycin

Question 5

peptide antibiotic binds to phosphor-lipids to alter permeability
effective against gram-negative
rarely causes allergic reaction

Answer 5

polymixin B

Question 6

topical application as cream or lotion for use in vulvovaginal candidiasis

Answer 6

miconazole &clotrimazole

Question 7

for onchomycosis

Answer 7

efinaconazole

Question 8

cream for dermatophytosis & candidiasis, shampoo or foam for seborrheic dermatitis

Answer 8

ketoconazole

Question 9

prescription synthetic broad-spectrum topical antimycotic agent
activity against dermatophytes, Candida & Malassezia
low incidence of adverse reactions and contact dermatitis

Answer 9

ciclopirox

Question 10

allylamine, inhibits squalene epoxidase (a key enzyme for ergosterol)
highly active against dermatophytes but less active against yeasts

Answer 10

terbinafine

Question 11

synthetic antifungal compound used for jock itch

against various dermatophyte & malessezia infections but not Candida

Answer 11

tolnaftate

Question 12

bind fungal sterols (alter membrane permeability)

limited to topical treatment of cutaneous & mucosal candida infection

Answer 12

nystatin

Question 13

binds to fungal sterols
limited to topical treatment of cutaneous candida infections
may cause temporary yellow staining of skin

Answer 13

amphotericin B

Question 14

synthetic guanine analog works against herpes simplex types 1 & 2

Answer 14

Acyclovir

Question 15

for anogenital pruritus

Answer 15

topical calcineurin inhibitors

Question 16

useful for neuropathic itch

Answer 16

capsaicin

Question 17

activate TRPV1 channels

induce lasting desensitization

Answer 17

capsaicin

Question 18

Cox inhibitor
found in acne treatment & dandruff
treated areas are photosensitized

Answer 18

salicylic acid

Question 19

alpha2-adrenergic agonist
topical gel for rosacea
vasoconstricts by stimulating post synaptic vascular alpha2 receptors

Answer 19

brimonidine

Question 20

eye drops that are adrenergic receptor agonists

for rosacea

Answer 20

naphazoline, tetrahydrozoline, phenylephrine & oxymetazoline

Question 21

organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor
topical
for insects

Answer 21

malathion

Question 22

topical

bind insect Na+ channels block membrane repolarization

Answer 22

permethrin

Question 23

oral
bind glutamate-gated Cl- Channels in invertebraes
hyperpolarize n. & m. cells

Answer 23

ivermectin

Question 24

topical
only used after others fail
disrupts GABAergic transmission in insects

Answer 24

lindane

Question 25

topical retinoid once daily at bedtime local skin irritation, dryness and flaking skin sensitivity careful with fish allergies

Answer 25

Tretinoin

Question 26

topical retinoid 2x daily local skin irritation may bleach hair or clothing

Answer 26

benzyl peroxide

Question 27

topical retinoid 2x/1x daily (foam) rare risk of pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 27

clindamycin

Question 28

dicarboxylic acid white powder found in wheat, rye, barley, involved in plant defense resp to infection kill acne bacteria & decreased keratin production mild to moderate acne & treat post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation

Answer 28

Azelaic acid

Question 29

oral antibiotics causes photosensitivity, GI distress contraindicated in pregnancy & young children

Answer 29

Tetracycline & Doxycycline

Question 30

oral antibiotic causes dizziness, drug-induced lupus, skin discoloration contradicated in pregnancy & young children

Answer 30

Minocycline

Question 31

oral antibiotics | cause GI distress

Answer 31

erythromycin & azithromycin

Question 32

oral antibiotic | cause Steven-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis

Answer 32

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Question 33

K+ sparing diuretic useful for adult women w/menstrual cycle-related breakouts contraindicated in pregnancy menstrual irregularity

Answer 33

Spirolactone

Question 34

``` psoriasis medication inhibits phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) increases cAMP decreases NO synthetase, TNF-a, IL-23 increase IL-23 ```

Answer 34

apremilast

Question 35

psoriasis medication inhibits PDE4 approved as topical therapy for dermatitis

Answer 35

crisaborole

Question 36

subQ psoriasis medication target IL-12 & IL-23 decreases NK cell activation, CD4 T-cell differentiation & activation, IL-8, TNFa and other cytokines used for plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease

Answer 36

Ustekinumab

Question 37

``` subQ psoriasis medication target IL-17A decrease production of other proinflammatory signaling molecules ankylosing spondylitis plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis Toxicity: increase infection risk ```

Answer 37

secukinumab

Question 38

actinic keratosis treatment used for genital warts immune response modifier that stimulates local cytokine induction activate toll receptors

Answer 38

imiquimod

Question 39

actinic keratosis treatment derived from Euphorbia peplus sap 1) initial disruption of cell plasma membranes & mitochondria --> leading to cell necrosis 2) neutrophil-mediated Ab dependent cellular cytotoxicity that eliminates remaining tumor cells

Answer 39

ingenol mebutate

Question 40

an topical NSAID | important for skin carcinogenesis

Answer 40

diclofenac

Question 41

topical inhibit thymidylate synthetase critical enzyme in DNA synthesis prevent cell proliferation in dysplastic cells & cause cell death cause inflammation & destruction

Answer 41

5-Fluorouracil

Question 42

treatment for advanced BCC | oral inhibitors hedgehog signaling

Answer 42

vismodegib and sonidegib

Question 43

treatment of melanoma | conventional chemo

Answer 43

dacarbazine

Question 44

treatment of melanoma MAP kinase pathway BRAF V600 inhibitor

Answer 44

vemurafenib

Question 45

oral alopecia treatment vasodilates due to K+ channel opening promote hair growth by elongating the duration of anagen (growth phase), shortening telogen (rest phase), & enlarging miniaturized follicles

Answer 45

minoxidil

Question 46

``` oral alopecia treatment 5a reductase inhibitor blocking DHT production can cause sexual dysfunction increase hair count ```

Answer 46

finasteride

Question 47

1st line of treatment for female hair loss

Answer 47

minoxidil

Question 48

2nd line of treatment for female hair loss

Answer 48

when minoxidil fails anti-androgens: spironolactone, finasteride, flutamide

Question 49

treatment of alopecia areata

Answer 49

intralesional or topical corticosteroids

Question 50

topical immunotherapy | used to cause dermatitis but somehow causes hair growth

Answer 50

diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP)