Derm terms Flashcards
(33 cards)

Macula - primary lesion
flat, circumscribed, <1cm

Patch - primary
Flat, circumscribed, >1 cm

Papule - primary
Elevated, circumscribed, <1 cm

Pseudofolliculitis
- Consists of papules, but not pustules.
- Is often seen in the beard area.
- Can be distinguished from acne because the inflammation is adjacent to hair follicles.
- The hair grows out of the follicle and, when shaved closely, often grows back in to the surrounding skin, causing irritation and inflammation

Plaque- primary
Elevated, broad (or confluence of papules); > 1 cm

Vesicles - primary
Fluid filled, circumscribed, < 1 cm

Bullae- primary
Fluid filled, circumscribed, > 1 cm

Pustule- primary
Exudate filled, circumscribed

Nodule- primary
Elevated dermis +/- subQ, circumscribed (majority underskin)

Urticaria- primary
“wheals” Blanching edematous, thin erythematous papule/plaque +/- hypopigmented rim. Maybe white-pale red often disappear after a couple hrs

Telangiectasia- primary
Dilated superficial bv/caps, visible on skin

Petechiae- primary
Tiny red/purple macules via cap hemorrhage, no blanching

Purpura- primary
Lg purple macules/papule via bleeding under skin, no blanching

Scale- 2ndary
flakes of keratin coarse/fine, loose/adherent

Crust- 2ndary
dried serum/ blood/ pus on top of skin

Fissure- 2ndary
linear cleavage on skin

Depression through dermis/sub q +/- scar

Depression through epidermis, no scar

Excoriation - superficial skin loss, often linear, via scratching/rubbing
Infant rashes x 4
- Seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap)
- Eczema or Atopic Dermititis
- Candidal rash
- Psoriasis

Seborrheic dermatitis
- Consists of erythematous plaques with fine to thick, greasy yellow scale.
- Typically seen on the scalp, but may spread to the ears, neck, and diaper area of infants.
Treatment
For infants, treatment can include:
- Baby oil and a small brush to remove the scales
- Frequent (i.e., daily) shampoong with a gentle baby shampoo, or-for more persistent cases-use of a prescription shampoo containing ketoconazole, an anti-fungal agent, or pyrithione zinc. Care must be taken not to get the shampoo in the infant’s eyes.
In older patients it is often caused by a fungus (Malassezia).
- A low-potency topical steroid cream (e.g., hydrocortisone). In older children and adults, ketoconazole cream may be used.

Eczema or atopic dermatitis
- May involve the posterior scalp.
- A positive history of atopic diathesis would support this diagnosis.
- Look for pruritic, erythematous, scaling plaques on extensor surfaces as evidence of atopic dermatitis on other areas of the body.

Candidal rash
- Commonly manifests as a diaper dermatitis peaking between 7-10 months of age.
- Characterized by an area of erythema in the inguinal region, as well as erythematous papules and plaques with satellite lesions.

Psoriasis
- More erythematous, with a thicker, non-waxy scale and more defined borders than seborrheic dermatitis.
- May or may not be pruritic.
- A family history of psoriasis is present in 40% of patients.







